基于光钟态的魔术波长物质波干涉测量
Magic-wavelength matter-wave interferometry with optical clock states
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文实现了基于⁸⁸Sr光钟态的双物质波干涉仪，利用813 nm魔术波长布拉格脉冲操控原子，测得自由下落态相关加速度水平为10⁻⁵，确定³P₀态调零波长，为差分力传感等提供新平台。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
光钟和原子干涉仪提供了测量时间、运动和引力的互补方式。结合这些能力需要物质波分束器，其能以相同方式操控不同钟态，使光学内能成为可控自由度而非系统相移来源。本文实现了双物质波干涉仪，同时工作于⁸⁸Sr光钟跃迁的两个态——¹S₀和³P₀。该干涉仪由813 nm魔术波长下的布拉格脉冲驱动，在此波长下两个钟态经历相同的光学耦合强度，为内能相差一个光激发的原子实现了通用物质波分束器。我们的测量灵敏度为30 mrad，与两个钟态马赫-曾德尔干涉仪之间零差分相移的结果一致，对应自由下落中与态相关的加速度水平为10⁻⁵。我们还利用同一干涉仪测量了与态相关的光学偶极力，确定亚稳态³P₀的调零波长为478.95(8) nm。这些结果确立了魔术波长钟态干涉测量作为差分力传感、激发态极化率计量以及未来量子钟引力测试平台的可行性。
英文摘要
Optical clocks and atom interferometers provide complementary ways to measure time, motion and gravity. Combining these capabilities requires matter-wave beam splitters that manipulate different clock states in the same way, so that optical internal energy becomes a controlled degree of freedom rather than a source of systematic phase shifts. Here we realized a dual matter-wave interferometer operating simultaneously on the two states of the $^{88}$Sr optical clock transition, $^1S_0$ and $^3P_0$. The interferometer is driven by Bragg pulses at the 813 nm magic wavelength, for which the two clock states experience the same optical coupling strength. This realizes a common matter-wave beam splitter for atoms whose internal energies differ by an optical excitation. With a sensitivity of 30 mrad, our measurement is consistent with a zero differential phase shift between the two clock-state Mach-Zehnder interferometers, translating to an absence of state-dependent acceleration in free fall at the level of $10^{-5}$. We further used the same interferometer to measure state-dependent optical dipole forces and determine a tune-out wavelength of the metastable $^3P_0$ state to be 478.95(8) nm. These results establish magic-wavelength clock-state interferometry as a platform for differential force sensing, excited-state polarizability metrology and future quantum-clock tests of gravity.
