YouTube上的巴西疫苗接种辩论：主题、观点与参与动态
The Brazilian Vaccination Debate on YouTube: Topics, Perspectives, and Engagement Dynamics
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究以127万条巴西YouTube评论为数据集，整合多维度计算分析，揭示了巴西疫苗接种辩论的主题分布、动态变化及观众对创作者框架的重构机制。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
疫苗接种辩论是在线公共卫生传播的核心内容，新冠疫情加剧了关于科学权威、机构信任和政治身份的争议。然而现有研究往往孤立分析语义结构、立场、错误信息和参与度，对这些要素随时间的相互作用却知之甚少。我们基于语言模型开展多层次计算文本分析，所用数据集为2018年至2024年巴西YouTube平台上的127万条评论，据我们所知，这是网络上最大规模的巴西疫苗相关言论数据集。我们对比了视频创作者在标题中的框架设定与观众在评论中的言论，将主题衍生的主题与参与度元数据、对话时间、立场衍生的疫苗立场，以及疫情前、疫情期间和疫情后三个时间阶段相结合。结果显示，新冠疫情在标题中主导了生物医学和信息类主题，而评论则涵盖个人健康报告、疫苗效果、信息可信度、阴谋论叙事和政治争议。健康相关宏观主题在规模和持续性上占据主导，而阴谋论和政治主题则与更快的互动速度以及更高比例的反疫苗参与度相关。疫情后的活动仍以健康体验、疫苗效果和信息可信度为核心，表明并未回到疫情前的主题配置。通过整合语义、互动、立场和时间维度，本研究揭示了观众如何重新构建创作者设定的健康内容框架，以及疫苗争议如何在新冠疫情高峰期过后仍持续存在。
英文摘要
Vaccination debates are central to online public health communication, as COVID-19 intensified disputes over scientific authority, institutional trust, and political identity. Yet studies often isolate semantic structure, stance, misinformation, and engagement, leaving their interplay over time poorly understood. We conduct a multilevel computational text analysis based on language models applied to 1.27 million Brazilian YouTube comments from 2018 to 2024, using what is, to our knowledge, the largest dataset of Brazilian vaccine discourse on the Web. We contrast producer framing in titles with audience discourse in comments, integrating Topic-derived themes with engagement metadata, conversational timing, stance-derived vaccine positions, and pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods. Results show that COVID-19 dominates biomedical and informational themes in titles, whereas comments span personal health reports, vaccine effects, information credibility, conspiracy narratives, and political disputes. Health-related macro-topics dominate in scale and persistence, while conspiratorial and political themes are associated with faster interactions and a greater concentration of vaccine-opposing engagement. Post-pandemic activity remains centered on health experiences, vaccine effects, and information credibility, indicating no return to the pre-pandemic thematic configuration. By integrating semantic, interactional, stance, and temporal dimensions, this study shows how audiences reframe producer-framed health content and how vaccine controversies persist beyond the acute pandemic period.
