基于金刚石量子存储器的吸收-发射量子中继器
Absorption-emission quantum repeater using diamond quantum memories
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究展示了基于金刚石NV中心的吸收-发射量子中继器节点，实现了完整单节点操作，过程保真度达78%，为可扩展量子中继器架构奠定了基础。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
量子中继器是克服量子网络中长距离纠缠产生所受的指数级光子损耗的关键组件。基于吸收-发射的量子中继器利用金刚石氮-空位（NV）中心的基本光-物质相互作用——光子吸收与光子发射——将量子态从吸收的光子转移至发射的光子，提供了无需远程节点间光子干涉即可运行的可扩展架构。本文展示了采用单个NV中心的基于吸收-发射的量子中继器节点，实现了完整的单节点操作，其中预告式光子到存储器的量子态转移、自旋纠缠光子的“重复直到成功”（RUS）发射，以及存储器态到发射光子的量子隐形传态构成了中继器的核心操作。通过将完整中继器操作表征为从吸收光子到发射光子的量子通道，采用量子过程层析获得了78%的过程保真度。该演示确立了吸收-发射方法作为可扩展量子中继器架构的基本构建模块，并为实用化长距离量子网络铺平了道路。
英文摘要
Quantum repeaters are essential for overcoming the exponential photon loss that limits entanglement generation over long distances in quantum networks. An absorption-emission-based quantum repeater exploits the fundamental light-matter interactions of a diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center---photon absorption and photon emission---to transfer a quantum state from an absorbed photon to an emitted photon, offering a scalable architecture that operates without photon interference between remote nodes. Here we demonstrate an absorption-emission-based quantum repeater node using a single NV center, realizing the complete single-node operation in which heralded photon-to-memory quantum state transfer, repeat-until-success (RUS) emission of a spin-entangled photon, and quantum teleportation of the memory state onto the emitted photon constitute the essential repeater operation. By characterizing the complete repeater operation as a quantum channel from the absorbed photon to the emitted photon via quantum process tomography, we obtain a process fidelity of 78%. This demonstration establishes the absorption-emission approach as a fundamental building block for scalable quantum repeater architectures and paves the way toward practical long-distance quantum networks.
