跳台滑雪中用于性能分析的多传感器边缘角度检测
Multi-Sensor Edge Angle Detection for Performance Analysis in Ski Jumping
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究针对现有跳台滑雪边缘角度测量系统的缺陷，提出了一种靴载多传感器集成的可穿戴系统，实现了高精度、低延迟、低功耗的无干扰测量，可用于运动员训练反馈。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
在跳台滑雪中，滑行阶段的性能取决于能否获得使升阻比最大化的空气动力学姿势。在V式技术中，滑雪板边缘角度是关键决定因素：减小边缘角度会使滑雪板变平，增加其有效表面积，从而提高空气动力学升力，最终有助于延长飞行距离。滑雪板边缘角度受脚踝内翻活动范围的生物力学限制。当前的传感解决方案广泛采用多系统方法，通过几何关系结合传感器信号来量化这些角度，这种配置需要在滑雪靴和滑雪板上都安装仪器，会改变质量分布，影响飞行时的平衡，并增加系统复杂性。为克服这些限制，本研究提出了一种可穿戴传感系统，无需修改滑雪板表面即可测量滑雪靴倾角和滑雪板边缘角度。该系统将两个超声飞行时间（ToF）传感器和一个鞋内惯性测量单元（IMU）集成到单个靴载单元中，通过结合超声距离测量与IMU数据，经靴-滑雪板配置的几何重建来估计边缘角度。实验室实验表明，与参考测量相比，该系统的角度分辨率为0.4500°，平均绝对误差（MAE）为0.2640°，决定系数超过99%，表明两种模态间存在强线性一致性；该系统端到端延迟为30.31 ms，可实现适用于运动员训练的实时反馈，功耗为1.28 mW，总重量仅18.6 g，能够实现对滑雪板边缘角度和滑雪靴朝向的无干扰测量。
英文摘要
In ski jumping, performance during the gliding phase depends on achieving an aerodynamic posture that maximizes the lift-to-drag ratio. In the V-style technique, the ski edge angle is a key determinant. Reducing the edge angle flattens the skis, increases their effective surface area, and improves aerodynamic lift, ultimately contributing to longer flight distances. Ski edge angles are biomechanically constrained by the limited range of ankle inversion. Current sensing solutions widely quantify these angles using multi-system approaches that combine sensor signals through geometric relations. Such configurations require instrumentation on both the boot and the ski, altering mass distribution, affecting balance during flight, and increasing system complexity. To overcome these limitations, this work presents a wearable sensing system that measures both boot inclination and ski edge angle without modifying the ski surface. Two ultrasonic Time of Flight (ToF) sensors and an in-shoe Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) are integrated into a single boot-mounted unit. Edge angles are estimated by combining ultrasonic distance measurements with IMU data through geometric reconstruction of the boot-ski configuration. Laboratory experiments demonstrate an angle resolution of 0.4500°, a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.2640°, and a coefficient of determination exceeding 99\% when compared with reference measurements, indicating strong linear agreement between the two modalities. The system achieves an end-to-end latency of 30.31 ms, enabling real-time feedback suitable for athlete training, while consuming 1.28 mW of power. With a total weight of only 18.6 g the proposed system enables unobtrusive measurement of ski edge angle and boot orientation.
