罗曼日冕仪社区参与计划：发射前参考星列表及参考星特性对后处理性能的影响
The Roman Coronagraph Community Participation Program: pre-launch reference star list and impact of reference star properties on post-processing performance
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究介绍了CorGI-REx观测活动进展，构建了罗曼日冕仪发射前参考星候选星列表，明确参考星特性对后处理性能的影响，为罗曼日冕仪及HWO的运行提供支撑。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
即将发射的罗曼日冕仪将是太空中首个具备高阶波前传感与控制技术的高对比度仪器，这是拟议中的宜居世界天文台（HWO）的关键技术验证，HWO旨在直接成像并表征宜居系外地球。罗曼日冕仪的标称观测计划涉及交替观测科学目标与一颗明亮的近邻参考星，用于波前校准和参考差分成像后处理。对于要求最高的日冕仪模式，参考星标准较为严格，仅将样本限制为40个候选星，需对其进行全面观测验证以评估适用性。参考星特性，如分辨直径、是否存在星周尘埃以及近邻点源，也可能对后处理效能产生更微妙的影响，可能会抑制最终的对比度性能。本研究描述了系外行星日冕仪仪器参考星（CorGI-REx）观测活动的当前进展，这是一项时长超300小时的观测活动，利用全球各地的仪器验证参考星是否适合高阶波前控制。我们将展示基于高对比度与干涉测量观测的全面分析构建的、用于罗曼日冕仪观测阶段的发射前参考星候选星列表，还将展示研究参考星分辨直径与伴星对后处理性能影响的模拟结果。最后，我们讨论了参考星选择对罗曼日冕仪观测调度和优化对比度性能的重要性，以及对HWO日冕仪运行的启示。
英文摘要
The upcoming Roman Coronagraph will be the first high-contrast instrument in space capable of high-order wavefront sensing and control technologies, a critical technology demonstration for the proposed Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) that aims to directly image and characterize habitable exoEarths. The nominal Roman Coronagraph observing plan involves alternating observations of a science target and a bright, nearby reference star for both wavefront calibration and reference differential imaging post-processing. Reference star criteria for the most demanding coronagraph mode are restrictive, limiting the sample to only 40 candidates for which thorough observational vetting is needed to assess their suitability. Reference star properties such as resolved diameters, presence of circumstellar dust, and close point sources may also have more subtle impacts on post-processing efficacy that may inhibit final contrast performance. In this work, we describe the current progress of the CoronaGraph Instrument Reference stars for Exoplanets (CorGI-REx) observing campaign, a 300+-hour observing campaign that utilizes instruments from around the world to vet reference stars for high-order wavefront control suitability. We will present the pre-launch list of reference star candidates being utilized for the Roman Coronagraph Observation Phase constructed from a thorough analysis of high contrast and interferometric observations. We will also present the results of simulations investigating the impact of reference star resolved diameters and companions on post-processing performance. We conclude by discussing the importance of reference star selection for scheduling observations and optimizing contrast performance for the Roman Coronagraph along with implications for HWO coronagraph operations.
