AI 中文总结
本文针对吉瓦级氢枢纽开展电网影响评估，采用多工具开源建模方法，发现标准负荷模型不适用于氢枢纽，提出PERC1模型的修改方案及标准化并网要求，保障其在弱电网环境的安全集成。
AI 中文摘要
全球向绿色能源转型推动吉瓦级电解中心的部署，为 bulk 电力系统引入了一类新型的、由换流器主导的负荷。与传统工业负荷不同，这些设施采用大量电力电子接口，其动态特性可与基于逆变器的资源（IBRs）相媲美。本文对大型氢枢纽开展了全面的电网影响评估，重点关注谐波注入、低短路比（SCR）环境下的电压稳定性以及频率响应能力。研究采用“全频谱”开源建模方法，使用 PandaPower 进行大规模稳态故障评估，使用 ANDES 进行机电动态模拟以评估快速频率响应（FFR），使用 ParaEMT 进行谐波畸变和低电压穿越（LVRT）的高保真电磁暂态分析。本研究的关键发现是，包括通用 PERC1（数据中心）模型在内的标准负荷模型不足以准确表征氢枢纽。本文提出了对 PERC1 模型的特定结构修改，具体涉及工艺安全锁存器和重启电压阈值，以准确捕捉装置长时间停机的风险。基于这些发现，本文提出了一套标准化的并网要求，以确保氢枢纽的安全集成。
英文摘要
The global transition toward green hydrogen is driving the deployment of gigawatt-scale electrolysis centers, introducing a novel, converter-dominated load class to the bulk power system. Unlike conventional industrial loads, these facilities utilize extensive power electronics interfaces with fast dynamics comparable to Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs). This paper presents a comprehensive grid impact assessment of large-scale hydrogen hubs, focusing on harmonic injection, voltage stability in low Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) environments, and frequency response capabilities. Adopting a "full-spectrum" open-source modeling approach, the study utilizes PandaPower for large-scale steady-state contingency assessment; ANDES for electromechanical dynamic simulations to evaluate Fast Frequency Response (FFR); and ParaEMT for high-fidelity electromagnetic transient analysis of harmonic distortion and Low Voltage Ride-Through (LVRT). A critical finding of this study is that standard load models, including the generic PERC1 (data center) model, are insufficient for hydrogen hubs. The paper recommends specific structural modifications to the PERC1 model - specifically regarding process safety latches and restart voltage thresholds - to accurately capture the risk of prolonged plant tripping. Based on these findings, the paper proposes a set of standardized connection requirements to ensure secure integration.
