发表机构
Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU); Universitat Pompeu Fabra（巴斯克大学; 庞培法布拉大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文通过系统综述过去二十年媒体领域人工智能应用的实证研究，指出其带来的社会与认识论挑战，提出需以社会路径研究该领域，聚焦其对个体、记者的影响及正当用途。
AI 中文摘要
在未来几十年，人工智能技术与工具在媒体领域的应用将系统性、持续性地改变媒体及其从业者的工作模式。为此，本文对过去二十年有关人工智能在媒体领域应用的研究（尤其是实证研究）进行了系统综述，以明确采用人工智能所带来的主要社会与认识论挑战。对于媒体而言，对技术平台的依赖度提升以及编辑独立性的维护将是主要挑战；而记者则陷入两难：一方面担心工作岗位受到威胁、作为现实与受众之间中介的象征资本流失，另一方面又能从常规任务中解放出来，进而得以生产更高质量的内容。与此同时，受众似乎并未感知到自动化文本在质量与可信度上存在显著差异，不过文本的易读性仍偏向于人类作者。简言之，除了技术中心论或决定论的路径，在新闻这一极具人类属性的领域使用人工智能，需要采取一种社会路径，其中受众对创新的接纳及其产生的影响是其发展的关键之一。因此，对媒体领域人工智能的研究应聚焦于分析其如何影响个体与记者、如何被用于该行业的正当目的与社会福祉，以及如何缩小其使用可能造成的差距。
英文摘要
The implementation of artificial intelligence techniques and tools in the media will systematically and continuously alter their work and that of their professionals during the coming decades. To this end, this article carries out a systematic review of the research conducted on the implementation of AI in the media over the last two decades, particularly empirical research, to identify the main social and epistemological challenges posed by its adoption. For the media, increased dependence on technological platforms and the defense of their editorial independence will be the main challenges. Journalists, in turn, are torn between the perceived threat to their jobs and the loss of their symbolic capital as intermediaries between reality and audiences, and a liberation from routine tasks that subsequently allows them to produce higher quality content. Meanwhile, audiences do not seem to perceive a great difference in the quality and credibility of automated texts, although the ease with which texts are read still favors human authorship. In short, beyond technocentric or deterministic approaches, the use of AI in a specifically human field such as journalism requires a social approach in which the appropriation of innovations by audiences and the impact it has on them is one of the keys to its development. Therefore, the study of AI in the media should focus on analyzing how it can affect individuals and journalists, how it can be used for the proper purposes of the profession and social good, and how to close the gaps that its use can cause.
Comments15 pages
Journal refProfesional de la información (2023), 32(2), e320227
