AI 中文总结
该研究通过连续朗道不稳定性驱动构建二维全息超流体湍流的统计稳态，发现I类无序超均匀性，澄清动能谱标度争议，揭示强耦合量子湍流无逆级联的能量传输特性。
AI 中文摘要
量子湍流领域长期存在的障碍是难以维持稳健的统计稳态，这阻碍了对普适涡旋组织和动力学标度的明确识别。我们通过连续朗道不稳定性驱动，在二维全息超流体湍流中构建了这种稳态，维持了约2500个无瞬态伪影的涡旋。拓扑电荷结构因子S_c(k)揭示了I类无序超均匀性，当波数k→0时，S_c(k)∝k^α>1，这是同类中最强的长程有序，也是在强驱动、远离平衡且以拓扑缺陷为组织原则的量子流体中的首次观测，确立了一种新型非平衡涡旋相。利用该平台，我们解决了标度争议：动能谱中明显的k^(-5/3)特征是k^(-1)单涡旋与k^(-3)核心区域之间的窄 crossover，而非真正的柯尔莫哥洛夫惯性范围。实空间二阶结构函数提供了决定性证据，当空间间距为r时，S_2(r)∝ln r，无r^(2/3)的柯尔莫哥洛夫标度，排除了真正的惯性级联。这些发现表明，强耦合量子湍流因缺乏宏观昂萨格团簇而缺乏逆级联，其能量传输与弱耦合超流体根本不同。
英文摘要
A long-standing obstacle in quantum turbulence has been the difficulty of sustaining robust statistical steady states, preventing unambiguous identification of universal vortex organization and kinetic scaling. We construct such a steady state in two-dimensional holographic superfluid turbulence by continuous Landau-instability driving, sustaining ${\sim}2500$ vortices free from transient artifacts. The topological charge structure factor $S_c(k)$ reveals Class I disordered hyperuniformity with $S_c(k)\propto k^{α>1}$ as $k\to0$, where $k$ is the wavenumber. This constitutes the strongest long-range order of its kind and its first observation in a strongly driven, far-from-equilibrium quantum fluid with topological defects as the organizing principle, establishing a novel non-equilibrium vortex phase. Exploiting this platform, we resolve the scaling controversy: the apparent $k^{-5/3}$ signature in the kinetic energy spectrum is a narrow crossover between the $k^{-1}$ single-vortex and $k^{-3}$ core regimes, not a genuine Kolmogorov inertial range. The real-space second-order structure function provides decisive evidence via $S_2(r)\propto \ln r$ where $r$ is the spatial separation, with no $r^{2/3}$ Kolmogorov scaling, ruling out a true inertial cascade. These findings reveal that strongly coupled quantum turbulence lacks an inverse cascade due to the absence of macroscopic Onsager clusters, demonstrating energy transport fundamentally distinct from weakly coupled superfluids.
Comments6 pages, 3 figures, and supplementary information
