AI 中文总结
该研究构建热力学自洽的混合状态方程，探究转动与有限化学势对QCD交叉区热力学量及守恒数磁化率的影响，为转动QCD热力学研究及重离子碰撞相关物理提供新参考。
AI 中文摘要
众所周知，在低重子化学势下，从禁闭强子相到退禁闭部分子相的转变是平滑的交叉（crossover），而非一级或二级相变。我们构建了一种热力学自洽的混合状态方程，用于研究整体转动对衔接强子相与部分子相的QCD交叉区状态方程的影响。我们探究了存在转动时，归一化热力学观测量随温度的变化关系，包括熵密度（$s/T^3$）、压强（$P/T^4$）、能量密度（$\u03b5/T^4$）、比热（$C_V/T^3$）以及声速平方（$c_s^2$）。同时还研究了存在转动时非零化学势对热力学量的影响。结果表明，化学势升高会使热力学量增大，而转动会在交叉区内抑制这些热力学量。此外，我们还研究了转动对守恒数磁化率及其关联随温度变化的影响。在强子相和部分子相中，磁化率及其关联均随转动增强呈现出系统性的升高。这些发现为转动与QCD热力学之间的相互作用提供了新的见解，对超相对论重离子碰撞中产生的快速转动强相互作用物质具有重要意义。
英文摘要
It is well-established that at low baryon chemical potential, the transition from the confined hadronic phase to the deconfined partonic phase is a smooth crossover rather than a first or second-order phase transition. We develop a thermodynamically consistent hybrid equation of state to study the effect of global rotation on the equation of state across the QCD crossover that interpolates the hadronic and partonic phases. The temperature dependence of normalized thermodynamic observables, such as entropy density ($s/T^3$), pressure ($P/T^4$), energy density ($\varepsilon/T^4$), specific heat ($C_V/T^3$), and the square of speed of sound ($c_s^2$) in presence of rotation are investigated. The effect of non-zero chemical potential on thermodynamic quantities in presence of rotation is also studied. Our results show that increasing chemical potential enhances the thermodynamic quantities, whereas rotation suppresses them in the crossover region. Further, we investigate the effect of rotation on the conserved numbers susceptibilities and their correlations as a function of temperature. The susceptibilities and their correlations exhibit a systematic enhancement with increase in rotation in both the hadronic and partonic phases. These findings provide new insights into the interplay between rotation and QCD thermodynamics, which can have important implications for rapidly rotating strongly interacting matter produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
Comments12 pages, 8 figures
