IndicQE-APE:印度语言质量估计与自动后编辑基准
IndicQE-APE: A Consolidated Benchmark for Quality Estimation and Automatic Post-Editing for Indic Languages
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究构建了涵盖9个方向对的IndicQE-APE基准,对LLM、COMET指标及APE系统进行QE与APE基准测试,揭示质量信号冲突等因素对文本段排名的影响。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
印度语言的质量估计(QE)和自动后编辑(APE)数据分散在不同的发布版本中,因此没有单一资源能同时支持跨任务和语言对的训练与评估。我们将WMT 2020至2024年的共享任务系列与扩展的英语-马拉雅拉姆语资源整合为\textit{IndicQE}:共包含9个方向对的126754个实例,同一文本段上对齐了多达4种标签类型,分别为直接评估结果、人工后编辑内容、词级OK/BAD标签以及错误说明,测试集按4个难度轴分层构建。基于该基准,我们对6个采用提示学习的大型语言模型(LLM)和3个COMET指标进行了段级QE基准测试,对3个系统进行了APE基准测试。其中2个难度轴部分基于直接评估定义,并从中选取了压缩子集,因此每个轴与来自同一语言对、具有相同分数分布的对照组进行比较。只有1个轴通过了对照组检验:对于所有9个系统和承载该轴的7个语言对,整体与词级质量信号冲突的文本段,其排名低于同一语言中得分相同的文本段。未使用对照组时看似难度第二高的标注者分歧,在使用对照组后无影响。少样本提示使每个模型的相关性和输出格式合规性均损失不超过34亿(≤3.4B)。语言内准确性无法使不同语言对的分数具有可比性:在3个训练指标中,语言内相关性最佳的指标在合并语言对时损失最大。该基准及代码将发布。
英文摘要
Indic quality estimation (QE) and automatic post-editing (APE) data is spread across separate releases, so no single resource supports training and evaluation across tasks and language pairs on one footing. We consolidate the WMT 2020-2024 shared-task lineage with an extended English-Malayalam resource into IndicQE-APE: $126{,}754$ instances over nine directional pairs, with up to four label types aligned on the same segment, a direct assessment, a human post-edit, word-level tags and an error explanation, and a test set stratified over four difficulty axes. We benchmark six prompted LLMs and three COMET metrics on segment-level QE, and three systems on APE. Two of the axes are defined partly on direct assessment and select a compressed slice of it. Segments whose segment-level and token-level signals disagree are ranked below equally scored segments of the same language. Four-shot prompting costs every model at or below $3.4$B both correlation and output-format compliance. Unedited MT beats every APE system we run on three of the four pairs. The benchmark (https://huggingface.co/datasets/surrey-nlp/IndicQE-APE) and code (https://github.com/surrey-nlp/IndicQE-APE) are released.
发表机构
- IIT Bombay(印度理工学院孟买分校)
- University of Oslo(奥斯陆大学)
- Lancaster University(兰卡斯特大学)
- INESC-ID
- Instituto de Telecomunicações(电信研究所)
- Instituto Superior Técnico(高等技术学院)
- University of Lisbon(里斯本大学)
- Sword Health
- Tilburg University(蒂尔堡大学)
- Zoom Communications(Zoom通信公司)
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler(布鲁诺·凯塞勒基金会)
- Apple(苹果公司)
- Bodhan AI
- IIT Madras(印度理工学院马德拉斯分校)
- University of Surrey(萨里大学)
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