NICE（消零干涉低温实验）更新：突破1e-5并迈向低温运行
A NICE (Nulling Interferometry Cryogenic Experiment) update: Beyond 1e-5 and towards cryogenic operation
AI总结：
ETH苏黎世的NICE实验为达LIFE空间任务灵敏度，开展常温前驱实验获单波长<1×10^-5可重复消零度，现安装15K低温恒温器以推进低温运行，突破1e-5消零度并优化技术方案。
AI中文摘要：
消零干涉低温实验（Nulling Interferometry Cryogenic Experiment, NICE）是苏黎世联邦理工学院的中红外实验室测试平台，旨在不仅复现21世纪初消零干涉仪测试平台达到的深宽带消零度（<1×10^-5），还要达到LIFE空间任务所需的灵敏度水平。该灵敏度要求实验在约15K的温度下实现低温运行，这对超高精度干涉仪而言是一项极具挑战性的任务。我们公布了常温前驱实验的结果，该实验在单波长下实现了可重复的<1×10^-5消零度，且具有高吞吐量；同时还公布了对更宽带通及双偏振态下消零性能的研究结果。此外，我们将重点介绍迈向低温运行的进展：新的15K测试低温恒温器已安装，这将为我们选择材料和光机械安装技术提供依据。
英文摘要：
The Nulling Interferometry Cryogenic Experiment (NICE) is a mid-infrared laboratory testbed at ETH Zürich that aims to not only reproduce the deep ($<1\times10^{-5}$) broadband nulls of the nulling testbeds of the early 2000s, but also at the required sensitivity levels expected for the LIFE space mission. This sensitivity enforces the experiment to go cryogenic at temperatures around 15 K; an ambitious task for an ultra-precise interferometer. We share our results of the ambient precursor experiment, demonstrating repeatable $<1\times10^{-5}$ nulls at a single wavelength and high throughput, and investigations into the nulling performance across a broader bandpass and with dual polarisation states. We will also highlight the push towards cryogenic operation, with the instalment of a new 15 K test cryostat that will inform our choices of materials and optomechanical mounting techniques.
