生成式AI在工作场所的应用：提升并转变生产力与沟通活动的平衡
Adoption of Generative AI in the Workplace: Increasing and Shifting the Balance of Productivity and Communication Activity
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究基于微软M365数据，用双重差分法发现，生成式AI应用后，高频用户生产力操作增21.2%、沟通操作增7.1%，推动工作向文档化转变，或提升效率、减少信息过载，但需避免削弱人际沟通与信息传播。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
生成式AI正在通过增强和自动化认知任务改变工作场所，重塑组织工作与创新方式，同时引发了关于职场不平等和工作未来的疑问。尽管其应用迅速，但关于这些工具如何改变工作实践并产生生产力提升的实证证据仍然有限。我们使用来自微软M365应用套件的数字追踪数据，在多家大型跨国公司中研究AI使用如何影响信息工作的数量与性质。具体而言，我们探究生成式AI的应用如何转变沟通与生产力导向活动（如Word中的内容创作）之间的平衡。双重差分分析显示，在应用AI后的20周内，使用AI系统超过100次的用户，其生产力相关应用操作（如内容创作）显著增加21.2%，沟通相关应用操作显著增加7.1%。在使用AI次数为100至500次的用户中，更高的AI使用量也与两类活动的持续增加相关。沟通活动的较小增幅代表整体向以个人文档为中心的工作转变，且反映出沟通的变化喜忧参半：与生产力操作的普遍增加相比，邮件阅读和整理有所减少。这些发现表明存在潜在的效率提升和信息过载的缓解，同时强调需要确保AI应用不会削弱人际沟通及支持创新的多元信息传播。
英文摘要
Generative AI is transforming the workplace by augmenting and automating cognitive tasks, reshaping how organizations work and innovate while raising questions about workplace inequality and the future of work. Despite rapid adoption, empirical evidence on how these tools alter work practices and generate productivity gains remains limited. We examine how AI use affects the quantity and nature of information work using digital trace data from the Microsoft M365 application suite across multiple large international companies. Specifically, we study how generative AI adoption shifts the balance between communication and productivity-oriented activities, such as content creation in Word. Difference-in-Differences analyses show that AI adoption is associated with significant increases in both productivity (21.2%) and communication (7.1%) application actions among users who used the AI system more than 100 times over a 20-week post-adoption period. Among users with 100-500 AI use instances, higher AI usage is also associated with continued increases in both types of activity. The smaller increase in communication represents an overall shift toward individual, documentation-focused work and reflects mixed changes in communication, including decreases in reading and organizing email, compared with more uniform increases in productivity actions. These findings suggest potential efficiency gains and reductions in information overload, while highlighting the need to ensure that AI adoption does not weaken interpersonal communication and the diffusion of diverse information that supports innovation.
