AI 中文总结
本文针对夸克胶子等离子体中夸克偶素演化的量子主方程受温度与能隙排序假设限制的问题，推导了广义非阿贝尔林德布拉德方程，可完整描述夸克反夸克对的量子演化。
AI 中文摘要
精确建模和理解超相对论重离子碰撞中的夸克偶素产生，需要一种形式体系，既保留微观$\bar{Q}Q$系统的量子特性，又处理这类系统与夸克胶子等离子体（QGP）的相互作用。开放量子系统方法近年来成为满足这类需求的最有效方案之一。然而，目前在该语境下得到的量子主方程，均假设QGP温度$T$与夸克偶素束缚态的$\bar{Q}Q$能隙（$\triangle E$）之间存在严格排序，这限制了它们的预测能力——因为随着QGP膨胀冷却，系统会遍历所有区域：$T\rtrapprox \triangle E$时的量子布朗运动（QBM）区域，到$\triangle E\rtrapprox T$时的量子光学（QO）区域。本文推导并提出了一种更通用的非阿贝尔林德布拉德型量子主方程，它不受这些限制，因此能忠实描述$Q\bar{Q}$对在整个QGP演化过程中的量子演化，还给出了支配该方程的关键量的示例。
英文摘要
Accurate modelling and understanding of quarkonium production in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions requires a formalism that preserves the quantum properties of microscopic $\bar{Q}Q$ systems while treating the interaction of such pairs with the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). The open quantum system approach has recently emerged as one of the most fruitful schemes to meet such requirements. However, the quantum master equations obtained so far in this context are derived assuming a strict ordering between the QGP temperature $T$ and the $\bar{Q}Q$ energy gaps ($ΔE$) of the quarkonia bound states. This limits their predictive power since, as the QGP expands and cools down, the system traverse all regimes between the quantum Brownian motion (QBM) regime for $T\gtrsim ΔE$ to the quantum optical (QO) regime for $ΔE\gtrsim T$. In this paper, we derive and present a more general non-abelian quantum master equation of the Lindblad type, which does not suffer from these limitations and thus allows to faithfully describe the quantum evolution of the $Q\bar{Q}$ pairs during the whole QGP-evolution. We also provide some illustration of the key quantities governing this equation.
