3GPP中的ISAC：向6G演进
ISAC in 3GPP: Evolution Toward 6G
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文针对3GPP从Release 19到Release 20的ISAC相关研究，梳理其向6G演进的轨迹，分析关键技术、未解决问题及标准发展方向。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
集成感知与通信（ISAC）正成为第三代合作伙伴计划（3GPP）向6G演进的重要方向，因为它能让蜂窝网络除提供连接性外还具备环境感知能力。本文综述了3GPP从Release 19可行性研究到Release 20无线、协议及架构研究的当前轨迹，区分了已确立的需求、正在进行的研究假设及可能的未来方向。该综述涵盖服务需求、感知拓扑、超出3GPP技术报告（TR）38.901的信道模型演进、无线接入网络工作组1（RAN1）的物理层设计、无线接入网络工作组2和3（RAN2和RAN3）的系统影响，以及感知辅助通信的作用。本文还综合了波形与参考信号设计、多节点协调、感知数据报告、服务暴露、隐私及实现约束方面的主要未解决问题。通过将服务级动机与物理层、协议及架构影响相联系，本文提供了以标准为核心的视角，阐述3GPP将如何向实用6G ISAC支持演进。
英文摘要
Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is emerging as an important direction in the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) evolution toward 6G because it allows cellular networks to provide environmental awareness in addition to connectivity. This paper surveys the current 3GPP trajectory from Release~19 feasibility studies to Release~20 radio, protocol, and architecture studies, while distinguishing established requirements, ongoing study assumptions, and possible forward directions. The survey covers service requirements, sensing topologies, channel model evolution beyond 3GPP Technical Report (TR)~38.901, Radio Access Network Working Group~1 (RAN1) physical layer design, Radio Access Network Working Groups~2 and~3 (RAN2 and RAN3) system implications, and the role of sensing-assisted communication. It also synthesizes the main unresolved issues in waveform and reference signal design, multi-node coordination, sensing data reporting, service exposure, privacy, and implementation constraints. By connecting service-level motivations to physical layer, protocol, and architecture implications, the paper provides a standards-centric reading of how 3GPP may evolve toward practical 6G ISAC support.
