手性非线性光学与光学控制

中文摘要 AI 辅助

手性光-物质相互作用是量子网络协议、量子逻辑门等新兴技术的核心。在少光子 regime 下，光子与波导嵌入的两能级量子发射器之间的手性相互作用可打破互易性，产生定向π相移，同时保持传输不变。本研究中，我们采用格林张量形式主义，提出了波导中多色手性非线性相互作用的模型，挑战了此前的固有观念，揭示了少光子 regime 下多色光-物质相互作用中隐藏的复杂光子动力学。通过调制更强的控制光束，我们可以操控弱信号光束，该光束在每个发射器寿命内平均包含远少于单个光子。我们推导了信号光子的传输方程，并移除控制光子以揭示这些非线性的真实强度，结果表明其强度强于对称几何结构中可能达到的强度。该模型预测信号的可调谐单位消光和高达30%的放大，比存在控制光子时的标准预测提高了约100倍；还可通过控制调制实现可调谐0-π相移，且对发射器缺陷具有显著鲁棒性。我们的模型为定向非线性量子光-物质相互作用开辟了新的研究领域，为实现高效的光子全光控制提供了途径。

英文摘要

Chiral light-matter interactions lie at the heart of emerging technologies such as quantum network protocols and quantum logic gates. In the few photon regime, it has been shown that chiral interactions between photons and a waveguide-embedded two-level quantum emitter can break reciprocity and impart a directional $π$ phase shift while the transmission remains intact. In this work, we present a model for multicolor, chiral nonlinear interactions in waveguides using a Green's Tensor formalism. We challenge previously held notions and demonstrate the complex photon dynamics hidden in multicolor light-matter interactions in the few photon regime. By modulating a stronger control beam, we can manipulate a weaker signal beam that contains much less than a single photon per emitter lifetime, on average. We develop equations for the transmission of the signal photons and removing the control photons to uncover the true strength of these nonlinearities, which we show is stronger than what is possible in symmetric geometries. The model predicts tunable unity extinction and up to 30% amplification in the signal, a $\sim$100x increase from standard predictions in which control photons are present. We also predict a tunable 0-$π$ phase shift via control modulation with significant robustness to emitter imperfections. Our model opens a new regime of directional nonlinear quantum light-matter interactions for study, providing a route to efficient all-optical control of photons.

补充信息

备注

17 pages, 10 figures