大型低地球轨道星座中面向应急地球观测的任务驱动三层分布式调度
Task-Driven Three-Layer Distributed Scheduling for Emergency Earth Observation in Large Low-Earth-Orbit Constellations
- Central South University（中南大学）
- Queen Mary University of London（伦敦玛丽女王大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
针对大型LEO星座的DEOSP问题，提出T3L-DS方法，通过集群内、间协调机制实现调度，实验显示其应急覆盖优于多数对比方法，常规覆盖损失显著降低。
AI中文摘要：
大型低地球轨道（LEO）地球观测（EO）星座可频繁访问地理上分散的地面目标，但应急请求可能在已承诺的常规计划执行开始后到达。由此产生的动态应急观测调度问题（DEOSP）要求在不造成过多常规计划中断的情况下插入紧急任务。为解决DEOSP，我们提出了任务驱动三层分布式调度（T3L-DS）方法，该方法在公共地理网格上表示任务需求和传感器覆盖范围，并根据观测能力和当前星间链路形成临时集群。对于集群内协调，T3L-DS引入星载双计划投标和联合边际评估；还设计了针对未解决需求的集群间协调机制。大量计算实验将T3L-DS与集中式模拟退火（SA）、改进的选择性时变最佳回复过程（A-SeTVBRP）和传统合同网协议（CNP）进行比较。T3L-DS在分布式方法中实现了最高的应急覆盖，相比A-SeTVBRP和CNP的平均相对提升分别约为2.8%和17.1%；其与SA的平均相对差距约为7.1%。在冲突增强负载下，相比A-SeTVBRP和CNP，它分别减少了约57.9%和87.7%的常规覆盖损失。 ablation研究证实了所提出的协调增强措施的贡献。总体而言，结果表明T3L-DS为DEOSP提供了一种有效的分布式方法。
英文摘要：
Large low-Earth-orbit (LEO) Earth-observation (EO) constellations offer frequent access to geographically dispersed ground targets, but emergency requests may arrive after committed routine-plan execution has begun. The resulting dynamic emergency observation scheduling problem (DEOSP) requires urgent tasks to be inserted under intermittent ground contact without excessive routine-plan disruption. To address DEOSP, we propose a task-driven three-layer distributed scheduling (T3L-DS) method, which represents task demand and sensor footprints on a common geographic grid and forms temporary clusters from observation capabilities and current inter-satellite links. For intra-cluster coordination, T3L-DS introduces onboard dual-plan bidding and joint marginal evaluation. It also designs an inter-cluster coordination mechanism for unresolved demand. Extensive computational experiments compare T3L-DS with centralised simulated annealing (SA), an adapted selective time-variant better reply process (A-SeTVBRP), and a conventional contract-net protocol (CNP). T3L-DS achieves the highest emergency coverage among the distributed methods, with average relative improvements of approximately 2.8% and 17.1% over A-SeTVBRP and CNP, respectively. Its average relative gap from SA is approximately 7.1%. Under conflict-enhanced loads, it reduces routine-coverage loss by approximately 57.9% and 87.7% relative to A-SeTVBRP and CNP, respectively. The ablation study confirms the contribution of the proposed coordination enhancements. Overall, the results show that T3L-DS provides an effective distributed approach to DEOSP.
