AI 中文总结
本文研究非加性开放量子系统中电流涨落问题，评估量子跳变方法的适用性，发现完美跳变检测下该方法失效，不完美检测时可复现Landauer-Büttiker形式化结果。
AI 中文摘要
开放量子系统动力学可通过量子主方程形式化高效描述，其中Lindblad形式的量子主方程是描述马尔可夫动力学的重要子类。当开放量子系统处于非平衡态时，系统与库之间会发生粒子交换，产生非零的平均净电流及相关电流涨落，对于Lindblad形式的量子主方程，可通过量子跳变方法对这些量进行表征。然而，大量量子主方程无法用Lindblad动力学描述。本文评估了当量子主方程中的耗散项描述非加性开放量子系统动力学时，量子跳变方法的有效性和适用性。研究发现，在完美跳变检测的场景下，非加性量子主方程的加性解卷不会产生完全正动力学；但在允许跳变检测不完美的场景下，存在一种加性解卷，可复现通过Landauer-Büttiker形式化得到的电流及其涨落。
英文摘要
Open quantum system dynamics is efficiently described by the quantum master equation formalism. Therein, quantum master equations in Lindblad form constitute an important subclass describing Markovian dynamics. When an open quantum system is in an out-of-equilibrium state, an exchange of particles between the open system and reservoirs takes place yielding to a non-zero average net current and associated current fluctuations, which can be characterised with the quantum jump formalism for quantum master equations expressed in Lindblad form. However, a large class of quantum master equations cannot be described by Lindblad dynamics. Here we assess the validity and the effectiveness of the quantum jump formalism when the dissipators in the quantum master equation describe a non-additive, open quantum system dynamics. We find that an additive unravelling of the non-additive quantum master equation does not generate a completely-positive dynamics in the scenario of perfect jump detection. Nevertheless, allowing for an imperfect jump detection scenario, we find that an additive unravelling is possible that reproduces the current and the fluctuations obtained via the Landauer-Büttiker formalism.
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