真空角θ=π下两味Schwinger模型中的纠缠谱序与味极化
Entanglement spectrum ordering and flavor polarization in the two-flavor Schwinger model at vacuum angle $θ= π$
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究针对真空角θ=π下的两味Schwinger模型，通过定义联合施密特分布等，揭示了纠缠谱中混合的规范区序、区权重与味极化的分离规律。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
规范理论中的纠缠谱可同时编码对称性破缺与规范区的结构。在真空角θ=π下的两味Schwinger模型中，我们发现由子系统规范电荷Q_A与味不平衡F_A标记的联合施密特分布p_{Q_A,F_A}，呈现出依赖于切割的规范区层级与质量诱导的味不对称：交错切割的改变会重组规范电荷分布p_{Q_A}，而质量不平衡会打破条件味分布p_{F_A|Q_A}的F_A↔-F_A对称性。定义组合权重W_F^{(q)}=p_{q,+1}+p_{q,-1}与条件极化P_F^{(q)}=(p_{q,+1}-p_{q,-1})/W_F^{(q)}后，我们发现切割的改变会反转权重层级：在原胞边界处W_F^{(-1)}>W_F^{(+1)}，而在原胞内切割处W_F^{(+1)}>W_F^{(-1)}；质量不平衡则使P_F^{(q)}偏离零值，且具有依赖于q的切割响应。因此，对称性分解可分离全局有序纠缠谱中混合的规范区序、区权重与味极化。
英文摘要
Entanglement spectra in gauge theories can encode both symmetry breaking and the organization of gauge sectors. In the two-flavor Schwinger model at vacuum angle $θ=π$, we find that the joint Schmidt distribution $p_{Q_A,F_A}$, labeled by the subsystem gauge charge $Q_A$ and flavor imbalance $F_A$, reveals a cut-dependent gauge-sector hierarchy and a mass-induced flavor asymmetry: changing the staggered cut reorganizes the gauge-charge distribution $p_{Q_A}$, while mass imbalance breaks the $F_A\leftrightarrow-F_A$ symmetry of the conditional flavor distribution $p_{F_A|Q_A}$. Defining the combined weight $W_F^{(q)}=p_{q,+1}+p_{q,-1}$ and conditional polarization $\mathcal P_F^{(q)}=(p_{q,+1}-p_{q,-1})/W_F^{(q)}$, we find that changing the cut reverses the weight hierarchy, $W_F^{(-1)}>W_F^{(+1)}$ at unit-cell boundaries but $W_F^{(+1)}>W_F^{(-1)}$ at intra-cell cuts, while mass imbalance drives $\mathcal P_F^{(q)}$ away from zero with a $q$-dependent cut response. Symmetry resolution therefore separates gauge-sector ordering, sector weight, and flavor polarization that are mixed in the globally ordered entanglement spectrum.
