AI 中文总结
该研究提出标准模型中反常抵消的非标准解，将其作为跷跷板中微子起源，构建最小跷跷板模型并预言中微子质量，还探讨了奇异粒子的质量、电荷及实验约束。
AI 中文摘要
对于具有任意超荷的15个手征费米子的固定标准模型（SM）非阿贝尔表示，反常抵消既允许常规的费米子分配，也允许一种截然不同的非标准解。在后一种解中，有色的奇异夸克、奇异轻子弱二重态以及奇异轻子单态的超荷为零，而两个有色奇异夸克单态携带相反的超荷$-q$和$q$。奇异中性轻子单态自然扮演重中微子的角色。具有两个奇异轻子代的最小模型给出秩为2的跷跷板（即最小跷跷板模型），预言一个无质量的活性中微子，且对于正常质量排序，$m_{\beta\beta}=1.2-4.1\rm meV$；对于倒质量排序，$m_{\beta\beta}=15.9-48.9\rm meV$。在直接的SM实现中，通过希格斯机制产生奇异夸克质量，会使奇异夸克携带电荷$\frac{1}{2}$。非标准解的单独$\rm SU(2)_{L'}$实现可让奇异夸克质量在几个TeV到$10\rm TeV$之间，且具有量级为1的 Yukawa耦合。该模型中，带电奇异夸克和轻子携带电荷$\frac{1}{2}$。两种情况中，最轻的奇异夸克和轻子均稳定，但通过合适选择其电荷和质量可满足实验约束。
英文摘要
For fixed Standard Model (SM) non-Abelian representations of 15 chiral fermions with arbitrary hypercharges, anomaly cancellation admits the usual assignment and a distinct nonstandard solution. In the latter, the colored exotic quark and exotic lepton weak doublets and exotic lepton singlet have zero hypercharge, whereas the two colored exotic quark singlets carry opposite hypercharges $-q$ and $q$. The exotic neutral lepton singlets naturally play the role of the heavy neutrinos. The minimal model with two exotic lepton copies gives a rank-two seesaw, the minimal seesaw model, with one massless active neutrino and predicts $m_{ββ} = 1.2 \text{-} 4.1 \, \mathrm{meV}$ for normal ordering or $15.9\text{-}48.9 \,\mathrm{meV}$ for inverted ordering. In a direct SM realization, generating exotic quark masses through the SM Higgs mechanism forces the exotic quarks to carry electric charges $\pm 1/2$. A separate $\mathrm{SU}(2)_{L'}$ realization of the nonstandard solution can allow exotic quarks from several TeV to $10\,\mathrm{TeV}$ with order-one Yukawa couplings. In this model, the charged exotic quarks and leptons carry electric charges $\pm q$. In both cases, the lightest exotic quark and lepton are stable, but suitable choices of their charges and masses can satisfy experimental constraints.
Comments9 pages, 1 figures
