体型可预测工蚁的寿命长度，但无法预测其衰老过程或热致死风险
Body size predicts how long ant workers live - but not how they age or how they die from heat
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究以18种澳大利亚蚂蚁为对象，发现体型仅可预测工蚁寿命，无法预测其衰老轨迹和热敏感性，昼夜生态位和谱系才是与气候相关的死亡风险维度。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
在社会性昆虫中，死亡风险包含多个不同组成部分，这些部分可能没有相同的预测因子：寿命长度、衰老轨迹和热敏感性。我们采用配对的野外-实验室生存测定方法，在18种澳大利亚蚂蚁中检验了这三个维度，共获得2363个群组-天观测值，涉及1148只工蚁。体型可预测寿命长度（Cox比例风险模型HR=0.67，p=0.002），而蚁群规模（p=0.60）和体型×温度的交互作用（p=0.72）未检测到调节效应。还发现了弱但显著的体型×觅食率交互作用（似然比检验p=0.014），表明内在生理仍是体型-寿命主要模式最简洁的解释，尽管生态背景可能有贡献。衰老轨迹与昼夜生态位而非体型相关：它在晨间活动物种中最陡峭（Kruskal-Wallis检验p=0.009；晨间物种与晨昏物种相比p=0.002），且与体重无相关性（Spearman相关p=0.32）。热危害在20℃以上趋于平稳（ΔAIC=-38；p<0.001），Rhytidoponera（真切叶蚁亚科）在该平稳阶段以上的热敏感性升高（每升高1℃增加5%，p=0.015）。因此，昼夜活动模式和谱系身份（而非体型）成为与气候最相关的维度，尽管二者存在强共线性（Cramer's V=0.85）。这些结果表明，体型仅能捕捉死亡风险的一个维度，当衰老和热敏感性与体型脱钩时，基于体型的脆弱性指数可能会对类群进行错误排序。
英文摘要
In social insects, mortality risk comprises distinct components that may not share the same predictors: lifespan duration, senescence trajectory, and thermal vulnerability. We tested these three axes in 18 Australian ant species using paired field-laboratory survival assays (2,363 cohort-day observations; 1,148 workers). Body size predicted duration (Cox HR = 0.67, p = 0.002), while colony size (p = 0.60) and the size x temperature interaction (p = 0.72) showed no detectable moderating effect. A weak but significant size x foraging-rate interaction was detected (LRT p = 0.014), suggesting that intrinsic physiology remains the most parsimonious explanation for the main size-longevity pattern, although ecological context may contribute. Senescence trajectory was associated with circadian niche rather than size: it was steepest in matinal species (Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.009; matinal vs. crepuscular p = 0.002) and was uncorrelated with body mass (Spearman p = 0.32). Thermal hazard plateaued above 20 degrees C (Delta AIC = -38; p < 0.001), with elevated thermal sensitivity in Rhytidoponera (Ectatomminae) above the plateau (5% per degree C, p = 0.015). Circadian regime and lineage identity, not body size, therefore emerge as the most climate-relevant axes, although they are strongly collinear (Cramer's V = 0.85). These results show that body size captures only one dimension of mortality risk and that size-based vulnerability indices may misrank taxa when senescence and thermal sensitivity are decoupled from body size.
发表机构
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA)（巴西亚马逊国家研究所）
- Eastern University（东方大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
