现代SSD中读干扰对系统级性能影响的实验研究
Experimental Study on System-Level Performance Impact of Read Disturbance in Modern SSDs
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究通过对15款NVMe SSD的实验，揭示读干扰的系统级性能影响，提出新观测结果与经验教训，为相关架构和软件优化提供关键方向。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
本研究调查了现代基于NAND闪存的SSD中读干扰对系统级性能的影响，旨在提供新的见解，以帮助开发更好的存储架构并优化系统软件。数十年来存储密度的持续提升使NAND闪存成为现代计算系统的重要组成部分，但这也带来了可靠性显著下降的代价。在各种错误源中，读干扰作为一个主要的可靠性问题受到越来越多的关注，因为其影响正在迅速增大，它会通过加剧SSD内部的可靠性管理开销，显著影响系统I/O性能。尽管已有大量前期工作聚焦于设备级的表征和优化，但读干扰对系统级性能的影响仍在很大程度上未被研究。为解决这一缺口，本研究采用来自10家主要厂商的15款现代NVMe SSD，通过两种方式开展严格的实验研究：其一，在不同工作负载和运行条件下，全面分析读干扰对系统级性能的影响；其二，为凸显高效读干扰管理的重要性，作为案例研究展示了一种新的可能的SSD性能攻击，证明攻击者仅通过利用商用SSD中的读干扰，就能显著降低其他并发运行进程的I/O性能。基于本实验研究，我们得出16项新观测结果和7项经验教训，这些结果为在主机系统和SSD架构层面更好地应对读干扰，指明了6个未来改进的关键方向。
英文摘要
This work investigates the system-level performance impact of read disturbance in modern NAND flash-based SSDs, aiming to provide new insights that can help develop better storage architectures and optimize system software. Continuous improvement in storage density over decades has led NAND flash memory to play a vital role in modern computing systems, but it also comes at a cost of significant reliability degradation. Among various error sources, read disturbance has gained growing attention as a major reliability concern due to its rapidly increasing impact, which can significantly affect system I/O performance by exacerbating SSD-internal reliability-management overheads. Although a large body of prior work has focused on device-level characterizations and optimizations, the system-level performance impact of read disturbance still remains largely uninvestigated. To address this gap, this work conducts a rigorous experimental study using 15 modern NVMe SSDs from 10 major vendors in two ways. First, we comprehensively analyze the system-level performance impact of read disturbance under diverse workloads and operating conditions. Second, to highlight the importance of efficient read-disturbance management, we showcase a new possible SSD-performance attack as a case study, demonstrating that an adversary can significantly degrade the I/O performance of other concurrently running processes by exploiting read disturbance alone in commodity SSDs. Based on our experimental study, we make 16 new observations and 7 takeaway lessons, which lead to 6 key directions for future improvements at the host-system and SSD-architecture levels to better cope with read disturbance.
