确定海岸通道的气象潮汐输送量
Determining Meteorological Tidal Transport through a Channel on the Coast
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究通过关联船载与底置ADCP数据的方法，确定海岸通道的气象潮汐水体输送量，发现远程风效应主导输送，通道取向对输送幅度和相位至关重要，揭示了天气系统对陆-海水体交换的影响。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
瞬变天气系统通常与气团的冷暖平流交替及风向变化相关，这些因素驱动近岸海洋和河口水域发生准周期性振荡。量化内陆水道与近岸海洋之间在这些气象振荡下的水体输送量，有助于解释陆-海相互作用及移动天气系统的影响。面临的挑战在于，由于后勤限制，难以获得连续、长期的输送直接测量数据。本研究采用一种方法，通过密集测量确定气象潮汐引起的水体体积输送量：将船载ADCP测量的输送值与底置ADCP记录的更长时间序列的垂向平均流速相关联，再利用该相关性计算底置ADCP部署期间的输送量。观测在Fourchon港的Belle Pass进行，输送数据揭示了天气系统（包括4个冷锋）的影响。研究应用了考虑旋转冷锋风变化的体积输送模型，其中沿通道和海岸线的风分量均对远程风效应有贡献，导致对过境天气系统的响应更复杂；局部风效应远小于远程风效应，输送主要由开边界输入引起的水位波动控制；此外，通道相对于海岸线的取向对输送的幅度和相位均起关键作用。
英文摘要
Transient weather systems are often associated with alternating warm and cold advections of air masses and changing wind directions, which drive coastal ocean and estuarine waters to oscillate quasi-periodically. Quantifying water transport under these meteorological oscillations between inland waterways and the coastal ocean helps interpret land-ocean interactions and the impact of migrating weather systems. The challenge lies in the difficulty of obtaining continuous, long-term direct measurements of transport due to logistical constraints. Here, we apply a method to determine the meteorological tide-induced volume transport of water through an intensive survey, correlating transport values measured by a boat-mounted ADCP with vertically averaged velocities from a bottom-mounted ADCP, which recorded a much longer time series. The correlation is then used to compute transport over the period of the bottom-mounted ADCP deployment. Observations were conducted at Belle Pass, Port Fourchon. The transport data revealed the impact of weather systems, including four cold fronts. A model of volume transport, accounting for rotary cold front wind variations, was applied, where both along-channel and along-coastline wind components contribute to the remote wind effect, leading to a more complex response to passing weather systems. The local wind effect is much smaller than the remote wind effect, and transport is primarily controlled by water level fluctuations resulting from open boundary input. Finally, the channel orientation relative to the coastline is found to be critical in determining both the magnitude and phase of the transport.
