AI 中文总结
本文整合九个领域研究，识别11种误解失败模式、8个分析层，形式化建模并提供证据矩阵等，是首个同时按过程节点与功能分类的误解研究。
AI 中文摘要
误解检测是亟待解决的问题，因为交流已从实时人际互动转向AI介导渠道，这种转变使交流者比新检测手段构建更快地失去了修复依赖的资源。本文将误解分析为分层过程：分歧产生、可能被放大，最终被检测修复或未被察觉地持续存在。我们整合了九个通常互不引用的研究领域的论述，识别出11种确切的失败模式，每种模式都作用于交流过程的特定节点而非任意位置，这些节点构成了8个分析层（源自文献而非采用现有模型）。其中8种机制主要产生分歧，2种主要放大已存在的分歧，1种管控分歧是否被检测和修复。我们对这8个层进行形式化建模，将信息与通信理论从信号传输扩展至意义重构，还提供了按来源划分的证据矩阵（使所有评级可审计）、编码手册及9个经分析的对话案例。此前尚无任何误解分类能同时将机制定位于过程节点并按功能分类。
英文摘要
Detection of misunderstanding is an urgent problem to solve because communication has moved away from real-time, in-person interaction and is increasingly handled by AI-mediated channels. This shift cuts communicators off from the resources repair depends on faster than new means of detection are being built. In this paper we analyse misunderstanding as a layered process in which a divergence is generated, may then be amplified, and is either detected and repaired or left to persist unnoticed. Consolidating accounts from nine fields of research that do not ordinarily cite one another, we identify eleven exact failure modes and show that each operates at a specific point in a communicative process rather than anywhere within it. Those points give eight analytical layers, derived from the literature rather than adopted from an existing model. Eight of the mechanisms primarily generate a divergence, two primarily amplify one already present, and one governs whether a divergence is detected and repaired. We model the eight layers formally, extending information and communication theory from the transmission of signals to the reconstruction of meaning, and we supply a source-by-source evidence matrix that makes every rating auditable, a coding manual, and nine analysed dialogue cases. No prior classification of misunderstanding both locates mechanisms at points in the process and types them by function.
Comments49 pages, 2 figures, 8 tables, 94 references. Cross-disciplinary conceptual synthesis across multiple fields. Includes a source-by-source evidence matrix in Appendix A and a coding manual in Appendix B for independent application of the taxonomy
