FactorFlow:用于因子分析的、带有大语言模型辅助解释的视觉分析工作空间
FactorFlow: A Visual Analytics Workspace with Large Language Model-Assisted Interpretation for Factor Analysis
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中文总结 AI 辅助
FactorFlow是用于端到端探索性因子分析的视觉分析工作空间,集成大语言模型实现自动化因子解释,经可用性研究优化,可帮助研究人员高效剖析、比较因子模型并理解因子结构。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
在探索性因子分析(EFA)中,研究人员通常旨在基于大量显变量(即直接可观测的变量)之间的关系,提取并描述少量因子(即潜变量)。在实践中,开展探索性因子分析需要检验不同的因子模型(以及旋转方式),以识别潜在的潜结构。评估因子模型的主要标准是可解释性,即首选的模型是能产生有意义、连贯且符合理论的因子结构的模型。然而,评估模型的可解释性并非易事,因为它具有主观性,且通常需要同时跟踪大量信息。正因如此,研究人员通常借助各种可视化手段来解释模型并确定“最优”模型。为此,我们推出FactorFlow,这是一个用于端到端开展探索性因子分析的视觉分析工作空间。通过FactorFlow,用户可以拟合和旋转因子模型、进行模型诊断等。该工具的核心组件是一个包含全面交互式可视化内容的仪表盘,用户可借此轻松剖析因子模型,甚至能同时并排比较两个模型。此外,FactorFlow集成了多个大语言模型,使用户能够生成和评估用自然语言编写的自动化因子解释。凭借多视图和现成的计算功能,FactorFlow可帮助研究人员高效且有效地理解因子,最终完成探索性因子分析。最后,我们开展了一项可用性研究,以识别该工具的优势与劣势,并收集反馈用于应用的迭代优化。
英文摘要
In exploratory factor analysis (EFA), one aims to describe latent variables by constructing a factor model based on the relationships among manifest variables. For a model to be useful, it is not enough that it is grounded on data; it must also be meaningful. Hence, in practice, one attempts to interpret different factor models to identify a meaningful, coherent, and theoretically defensible latent structure. Doing so, however, is not straightforward, as it is subjective and requires tracking extensive information. Thus, we introduce FactorFlow, a system designed to help researchers perform EFA more effectively. With an interactive dashboard that supports comprehensively visualizing up to two models simultaneously and large language model integration that enables the generation of automated model interpretations written in natural language, FactorFlow substantially aids the crucial step of model interpretation, all the while supporting the end-to-end workflow. Indeed, our usability survey evidences the effectiveness of FactorFlow.