AI 中文总结
本研究发现准稳态近似法在宽频率范围内失效，传统模型会显著低估现代大型风力涡轮机叶片的载荷，尤其是失速工况附近。
AI 中文摘要
空气动力学非定常性是许多工程应用运行的固有特性，尤其涉及大型旋转叶片的场景，如现代风力涡轮机。过去几十年，风力涡轮机转子快速发展，目前直径已超200米，使其运行在经验数据有限且模型未经验证的工况下。本研究采用高压风洞探究这些工况并评估准稳态近似法——该方法常被用于简化翼型对入流条件缓慢变化的非定常空气动力学响应建模。研究发现，准稳态近似法在其通常应用的宽频率范围内均不适用。该结果表明，采用传统模型会显著低估风力涡轮机叶片的载荷，尤其是在现代风力涡轮机常遇到的失速工况附近。
英文摘要
Aerodynamic unsteadiness is inherent to the operation of many engineering applications, especially those that involve large-scale rotating blades, such as modern wind turbines. Over the past few decades, wind turbine rotors have grown rapidly and are now exceeding 200 meters in diameter, causing them to operate in conditions where limited empirical data are available, and where models have not been validated. Here, we use a highly pressurized wind tunnel to probe these conditions and evaluate the quasi-steady approximation, often used to simplify the modeling of the unsteady aerodynamic response of an airfoil to slow changes in inflow conditions. We find that the quasi-steady approximation is not valid for a large range of frequencies where it is normally applied. This finding suggests that the loading on wind turbine blades will be significantly underestimated when using conventional models, especially near stalling conditions, which modern wind turbines typically encounter.
CommentsSupplemental materials are attached to the main text after the bibliography starting on page 18
