AI 中文总结
本文提出量子双相干相位（QPBC）光谱框架，将图像角扇区嵌入9量子比特纠缠态，在三类多模态成像数据集上验证其可解析角相位序、区分生物表型，性能优于传统方法，提供经典无法实现的定量纹理观测值。
AI 中文摘要
经典图像分析通常会丢弃傅里叶相位中编码的具有结构意义的方向特征，这些特征极易被局部细胞旋转破坏。尽管量子启发的数据处理为复杂信号表征提供了新途径，但无需显式相位重构即可直接提取规范不变角相关性的实用工具仍十分匮乏。本文提出量子双相干相位（QPBC）光谱，这是一种用于捕获规范不变角序的新型量子干涉框架。该方法将图像角扇区嵌入9量子比特纠缠态，并通过辅助量子比特探测三体双相干性，得到16个可解释的读出通道。我们在三个独立的公开多模态成像数据集上验证了该框架，涵盖荧光（BBBC021）、明场（BBBC041）和组织病理学（PathMNIST）。QPBC可一致解析角相位序，并以高统计显著性区分不同的生物表型。经主轴线对齐后，最优探测频率会因傅里叶方向敏感性而普适收敛；阴性对照实验完全消除了区分能力，表明频率调谐起到了开关作用。跨数据集基准测试证实QPBC优于传统傅里叶相位统计，其固有的反转对称性可作为内置的管道自检。QPBC提供了一种普适的、经典方法无法实现的定量纹理观测值，建立了可解释的量子形态测量学，并拓宽了适用于多种多模态显微测量的量子启发分析工具箱。
英文摘要
Classical image analysis routinely discards structurally meaningful orientation signatures encoded within Fourier phase, which are easily corrupted by local cellular rotation. Although quantum-inspired data processing offers new avenues for complex signal characterization, practical tools for directly extracting gauge-invariant angular correlations without explicit phase reconstruction remain scarce. Here we introduce Quantum Phase Bicoherence (QPBC) spectroscopy, a novel quantum-interferometric framework for capturing gauge-invariant angular order. The method embeds image angular sectors into a nine-qubit entangled state and probes three-body bicoherence via an ancilla, yielding 16 interpretable readout channels. We validate our framework on three independent public multi-modal imaging datasets covering fluorescence (BBBC021), bright-field (BBBC041) and histopathology (PathMNIST). QPBC consistently resolves angular-phase order and discriminates distinct biological phenotypes with high statistical significance. After principal-axis alignment, the optimal probing frequency universally converges, driven by Fourier directional sensitivity; negative-control experiments fully eliminate discriminative capacity, demonstrating frequency tuning acts as an on-off switch. Cross-dataset benchmarks confirm QPBC outperforms conventional Fourier-phase statistics, where inherent inversion symmetry serves as a built-in pipeline self-check. QPBC delivers a universal, classically unachievable quantitative texture observable, establishes interpretable quantum morphometry, and broadens the toolbox for quantum-inspired analysis applicable to diverse multi-modal microscopic measurements.
