AI 中文总结
本文通过雨燕天文台20年的X射线监测，发现NGC 1275存在约2倍流量的X射线耀发，其辐射区域符合特定范围，耀发轮廓与潮汐瓦解事件不符，约300天后射电监测也出现耀发，为研究AGN的吸积盘-喷流关联提供了依据。
AI 中文摘要
NGC 1275是英仙座星系团的中心星系，其内部的活动星系核（AGN）因强大且多变的射电活动而备受关注，该活动与产生射电喷流相关，这些喷流在炽热的星系团内介质（ICM）中形成巨大气泡。高空间分辨率X射线成像可将AGN与明亮的ICM分离开，但要监测黑洞的吸积率并建立NGC 1275的吸积盘-喷流关联，需要高时间采样率。本文报告了利用尼尔·格雷尔斯雨燕天文台（Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory）在20年间获取的数据对NGC 1275进行的X射线监测。对每次观测中时间恒定的ICM进行建模，可可靠地追踪黑洞吸积产生的X射线辐射，典型流量误差约为3%。在MJD 59956（2023年2月21日）开始，检测到仅数天内X射线流量约2倍的耀发。这些耀发对应的辐射区域符合$r \leq 870~(10^{8}~M_{\odot}/M_{BH})~ GM/c^{2}$。耀发的轮廓与潮汐瓦解事件的简单预测不一致。约300天后，在43 GHz的射电监测数据中也出现了一次耀发。总体而言，我们的结果表明，协调的中等分辨率X射线成像与射电监测有望追踪对大尺度结构产生显著影响的AGN的吸积盘-喷流关联，并可推广到其他对宿主产生影响的天体。
英文摘要
NGC 1275 is the central galaxy in the Perseus Cluster. The active galactic nucleus (AGN) within NGC 1275 is notable for its strong and variable radio activity, tied to the production of radio jets that inflate large bubbles in the hot intracluster medium (ICM). High spatial resolution X-ray imaging can separate the AGN from the bright ICM, but monitoring the mass accretion rate onto the black hole and establishing disk-jet connections in NGC 1275 requires a high cadence. Here, we report on X-ray monitoring of NGC 1275 using data taken over 20 years with the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. Modeling the temporally constant ICM in each observation allows X-ray emission from accretion onto the black hole to be traced reliably, with typical flux errors of $\sim 3\%$. X-ray flaring by a factor of $\sim2$ over mere days is detected starting on MJD 59956 (2023 Feb. 21). The flares imply an emission region consistent with $r \leq 870~(10^{8}~M_{\odot}/M_{BH})~ GM/c^{2}$. The profile of the flaring is inconsistent with simple predictions for tidal disruption events. A flare appears roughly 300 days later in radio monitoring data at 43 GHz. Overall, our results indicate that coordinated, moderate-resolution X-ray imaging and radio monitoring could potentially trace disk-jet connections in the AGN that most vividly impact large-scale structure, and be extended to other sources that impact their hosts.
CommentsAccepted for publication in ApJ Letters
