AI 中文总结
该研究分析642名受试者的脊柱运动学，揭示步态中T3至L4椎体的脊柱耦合存在颅尾方向模式，静态矢状位姿势可调节该模式，为脊柱生物力学研究及相关疾病诊疗提供基础。
AI 中文摘要
引言：侧向偏移与轴向旋转之间的耦合是脊柱力学的已知特征，但步态过程中单个椎体水平的耦合行为及其与矢状位姿势的关联仍知之甚少。方法：本研究采用非侵入式光栅立体成像系统结合测力跑步机，分析了642名不同受试者的脊柱运动学，量化了行走过程中T3至L4每个椎体的旋转与侧向偏移的时间依赖性耦合，以及矢状位姿势对该耦合的影响。采用绝对相位滞后、归一化符号面积和傅里叶级数推导的倾斜角分析耦合行为。结果：所有三个指标均显示出颅尾方向模式，几乎所有相邻椎体之间存在差异，且存在不同的转折点（即耦合行为从增加变为减少或反之的位置）。广义及合并静态矢状位姿势显著调节这些模式，而个体静态矢状位姿势偏差会影响这些指标。结论：这些发现首次提供了步态过程中脊柱耦合的动态椎体水平表征，为理解脊柱生物力学及静态矢状位姿势的影响奠定了基础，可能与脊柱疾病的诊断和治疗相关。
英文摘要
Introduction: Coupling between lateral deviation and axial rotation is a known feature of spinal mechanics, yet its behavior at the individual vertebral level during gait, as well as the association with sagittal posture remains poorly understood. Methods: This study analyzed spinal kinematics in a diverse cohort (n=642) using a non-invasive rasterstereography system with an instrumented treadmill, quantifying time-dependent coupling of rotation and lateral deviation for each vertebra from T3 to L4 during walking as well as the influence of sagittal posture on this coupling. Coupling behavior was analyzed with absolute phase lag, normalized signed area and tilt angle derived from the Fourier series. Results: Results revealed cranio-caudal patterns for all three metrics with differences between almost all adjacent vertebrae and different turning points, i.e., where the coupling behavior changed (from increase to decrease and vice versa). Generalized, as well as pooled static sagittal posture significantly modulated these patterns, while individual deviations from static sagittal posture influenced the metrics. Conclusion: These findings provide the first dynamic, vertebra-level characterization of spinal coupling during gait. Furthermore, they offer a foundation for an understanding of spinal biomechanics and the influence of static sagittal posture, potentially relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of spinal disorders.
