AI 中文总结
该研究采用一步弯液面引导的3D纳米打印技术，制备出兼具承载强度与湿度驱动膨胀性能的仿生微致动器，可实现负载提升、弯曲运动及光信号调制，在微器件领域具应用潜力。
AI 中文摘要
我们介绍一种通过一步弯液面引导的3D纳米打印技术制备的仿生微致动器。该技术在无需组装的单一工艺中，将刚性纳米粒子骨架与吸湿性聚合物基体整合，直接制备出自支撑的三维复合结构。受昆虫外骨骼关节中刚性与柔性组件功能整合的启发，我们的设计在单一微尺度柱体中协同结合了承载强度与湿度驱动的膨胀性能。包括对比对照结构和显微分析在内的全面实验阐明了致动机制：纳米粒子支架提供机械支撑，而聚合物相提供体积膨胀，在湿度作用下产生大的可逆伸长，同时保持结构完整性。所制备的AuNP-PVP微致动器在微尺度上表现出湿度响应致动，代表性演示包括重复湿度循环和在测试条件下可提升约800倍自身估算重量的负载。铰链柱等变体几何结构展示了轴向膨胀如何转化为弯曲运动，而一种光学构型则展示了致动如何调制反射光信号。这种纳米打印方法为构建具有湿度响应变形特性的仿生软微致动器提供了一种简单策略，在微尺度传感、光学调制和自适应微器件领域具有潜在应用价值。
英文摘要
We introduce a bioinspired microactuator fabricated via a one-step meniscus guided 3D nanoprinting technique. This technique directly produces a freestanding three dimensional composite architecture by integrating a rigid nanoparticle framework with a hygroscopic polymer matrix in a single, assembly free process. Inspired by the functional integration of rigid and compliant components in insect exoskeletal joint, our design synergistically combines load-bearing strength and humidity-driven swelling in a single microscale pillar. Comprehensive experiments, including comparative control structures and microscopic analysis, elucidated the actuation mechanism: the nanoparticle scaffold provides mechanical support while the polymeric phase provides volumetric expansion, yielding large reversible elongation under humidity with preserved structural integrity. The resulting AuNP PVP microactuator shows humidity responsive actuation at the microscale, with representative demonstrations of repeated humidity cycling and load lifting up to approximately 800 times its estimated own weight under the tested conditions. Variant geometries such as hinged pillars demonstrate how axial swelling can be converted into bending motion, and an optical configuration shows how actuation can modulate reflected light signals. This nanoprinting approach provides a simple strategy for constructing bioinspired soft microactuators with humidity-responsive deformation and potential applicability in microscale sensing, optical modulation, and adaptive microdevices.
Comments20 pages, 5 figures
