AI 中文总结
该研究扩展阿贝尔任意子研究方法，通过测量电流涨落探测ν=5/2分数量子霍尔态的模式分区噪声，观测到非阿贝尔任意子时域编织特征，为其存在提供实验证据。
AI 中文摘要
与服从玻色或费米交换统计的基本粒子不同，被称为任意子的某些准粒子被预测会呈现阿贝尔或非阿贝尔编织统计。编织阿贝尔任意子会通过“统计相位”修改波函数，而编织非阿贝尔任意子则会对简并态子空间内的状态执行幺正变换。迄今为止，非阿贝尔编织的实验证据仍难以获得。在此，我们通过扩展此前在ν=1/3态下展示的阿贝尔任意子研究方法，报告了ν=5/2分数量子霍尔态中非阿贝尔任意子的“时域编织”特征。我们的方法基于对高度稀释的一维边缘模式弱分区引起的电流涨落的测量，分别探测下游带电模式和上游中性模式的分区噪声。这些独立测量结果分别与“粒子-空穴Pfaffian”拓扑序下下游阿贝尔任意子和上游非阿贝尔任意子“时域编织”的理论预测相符。这些结果共同为非阿贝尔任意子的存在提供了证据。
英文摘要
Unlike elementary particles, which obey either bosonic or fermionic exchange statistics, certain quasiparticles, known as anyons, are predicted to exhibit Abelian or non-Abelian braiding statistics. While braiding Abelian anyons modifies the wavefunction by a 'statistical phase', braiding non-Abelian anyons implements a unitary transformation of the state within a degenerate subspace of states. Experimental evidence of non-Abelian braiding has thus far remained elusive. Here, we report a 'time-domain braiding' signature of non-Abelian anyons in the $ν= 5/2$ fractional quantum Hall state, by extending our previously demonstrated approach with Abelian anyons at $ν= 1/3$. Our approach is based on measurements of the current fluctuations arising from weak partitioning of a highly dilute one-dimensional edge mode. We independently probe the partition noise of the downstream charged mode and also that of the upstream neutral mode. These independent measurements agree with our theoretical predictions for 'time-domain braiding' of the downstream Abelian and the upstream non-Abelian anyons, respectively, in the 'particle-hole Pfaffian' topological order. Together, these results provide evidence for the presence of non-Abelian anyons.
Comments15 pages, 3 figures
