波的最大亮度定理
Maximum brightness theorem for waves
AI总结：
该研究提出波通过任意无源光学或波系统后可分离功率的普适界限，证明输出各分量功率不超输入对应分量功率，涵盖此前定理，为波向单模输出集中提供限制。
AI中文摘要：
我们针对波场通过任意无源光学或波系统后的可分离功率，引入了一个普适性界限。任意波场均可表示为相互无关联且相互正交的分量的组合，每个分量具有一定的功率或“亮度”。我们证明，在通过无损或有损光学系统时，按功率排序的各分量，其输出端的功率无法超过输入端各对应分量的功率，即便每个输出结果可能是输入的任意混合。该结果涵盖了此前的亮度定理，具有若干直接推论，并为光、射频或其他波向单模输出的集中提供了简单限制。
英文摘要：
We introduce a universal bound on the separable powers of a wave field after passing through arbitrary passive optical or wave systems. Any wave field can be expressed as a combination of mutually incoherent and mutually orthogonal components, each with some power or "brightness". We prove that, in passing through a lossless or lossy optical system, writing the components in order of power, the power in each such component at the output cannot exceed the power in each such component at the input, even though each resulting output may be an arbitrary mixture of the inputs. This result encompasses previous brightness theorems, has several immediate consequences, and gives a simple limit to the concentration of light, radio-frequency or other waves into single-mode outputs.
