AI 中文总结
本研究基于恒星族群合成，对129个近邻星系开展戴森球相关技术废热搜寻，未检测到戴森球成分，设定了上限并给出群体约束，还开发了未来技术信号搜寻的框架，指出宁静星系外围是最佳搜寻区域。
AI 中文摘要
我们提出了迄今为止基于恒星族群合成（SPS）的最可靠的、针对星系尺度技术废热的搜寻，该搜寻应用于129个近邻星系，涵盖了广泛的光谱能量分布（SED）类型，包括极亮红外星系和中红外（MIR）明亮的活动星系核（AGN）。我们将AGENT戴森球形式主义纳入Flexible Stellar Population Synthesis代码的恒星族群层面，使星云和尘埃发射对戴森球的再处理产生自洽响应。借助Prospector，我们在一系列覆盖分数α上执行了1419次注入恢复测试，成功恢复了注入的覆盖分数（最佳拟合斜率m = 0.92），并通过贝叶斯模型选择在宁静星系中检测到低至α≈4–5%的覆盖分数。我们的129个星系均未偏好戴森球成分，我们首次对每个星系的暖（T_BB≳100K）星团设定了95%置信度上限，在无主导AGN的宁静宿主星系中，α的中位数上限低于0.3%。我们的注入校准检测率将这些零检测转化为群体约束：在95%置信度下，拥有α=25%星团的星系占比<2.6%。由于巡测光色无法区分废热与星暴及AGN，我们开发了未来搜寻的框架，从利用巴尔末减缩、星族-动力学质量偏移等廉价档案筛选，到核切除的分辨拟合，再到PRIMA FIR测光，后者可使针对性JWST成像具有决定性。我们发现，宁静星系的外围是未来技术信号搜寻的最佳区域。
英文摘要
We present the most robust stellar population synthesis (SPS)-based search for galaxy-spanning technological waste heat to date, applied to 129 nearby galaxies spanning a wide range of spectral energy distribution (SED) types, including ultraluminous IR galaxies and MIR-luminous active galactic nuclei (AGN). We incorporate the AGENT Dyson sphere formalism into the Flexible Stellar Population Synthesis code at the stellar population level, so nebular and dust emission respond self-consistently to Dyson sphere reprocessing. With \texttt{Prospector}, we perform a suite of 1,419 injection recovery tests across a range of covering fractions, $α$, where we successfully recover the injected covering fractions (best-fit slope $m = 0.92$) and detect them through Bayesian model selection down to $α\sim 4$--$5\%$ in quiescent galaxies. None of our 129 galaxies prefer a Dyson sphere component, and we place the first per-galaxy 95\% upper limits on warm ($T_{\rm BB} \gtrsim 100$K) swarms, reaching a median $α< 0.3\%$ across quiescent hosts without a dominant AGN. Our injection-calibrated detection rates convert these zero detections into a population bound of $<2.6\%$ of galaxies hosting $α= 25\%$ swarms ($95\%$ confidence). Because survey colors cannot separate waste heat from starbursts and AGN, we develop a scaffold for future searches, running from inexpensive archival screens such as the Balmer decrement and the stellar-to-dynamical-mass offset a swarm leaves behind, through resolved fitting with nuclear excision, to PRIMA FIR photometry that makes targeted JWST imaging decisive. We find that the outskirts of quiescent galaxies are the best hunting grounds for future technosignature searches.
Comments34 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables, submitted to ApJ
