基于扩散历史预测消费技术拥有情况
Predicting consumer-technology ownership without a diffusion history
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究利用人类及Anthropic Claude Opus 4.7、OpenAI GPT-5.5两款语言模型对消费技术的属性评分,通过符号约束惩罚回归预测技术拥有率,其效果优于上市年限基准模型,还对2025-2026年新品做了2027年拥有率预测。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们测试消费技术的感知属性是否能预测其普及程度。在2022年Prolific平台对美国成年人开展的一项调查中(样本量n=678),受访者对65种消费技术的6项属性进行了评分。随后我们从两款前沿语言模型Anthropic Claude Opus 4.7和OpenAI GPT-5.5处获取了相同的评分。我们采用符号约束惩罚回归,将拥有率对4项UTAUT2接受属性及对数年龄协变量进行回归,并通过每次留出一种技术的方式进行评估。该属性模型优于以上市年限为基准的模型:使用人类评分时,平均绝对误差降低17%;使用两款模型的评分时,降低幅度更大,其中以Opus 4.7的效果最显著。在2022至2025年的短时间窗口内,拥有率变化很小,相同属性未优于无变化基准。我们阐述了该方法的局限性,包括语言模型评分可能反映了对这些技术的先验知识,而非独立的属性推理。我们提供了一个部署示例:对2025年和2026年推出的11种产品进行2027年拥有率预测。
英文摘要
We test whether the perceived attributes of a consumer technology predict how widely it is owned. In a 2022 Prolific survey of US adults (n = 678), respondents rated 65 consumer technologies on six attributes. We then elicited the same ratings from two frontier language models, Anthropic Claude Opus 4.7 and OpenAI GPT-5.5. We regress ownership prevalence on four UTAUT2 acceptance attributes plus a log-age covariate with a sign-constrained penalized regression and evaluate it by holding out one technology at a time. The attribute model improves on a baseline of years-since-launch: mean absolute error falls by 17% with the human ratings, and by more with either model, most with Opus 4.7. Over the short 2022-to-2025 window, where ownership moved little, the same attributes do not improve on a no-change baseline. We set out the limitations of the approach, including the possibility that language-model ratings reflect prior knowledge of these technologies rather than independent attribute reasoning. We include a deployment illustration: 2027 ownership predictions for eleven products launched in 2025 and 2026.