AI 中文总结
该研究基于乘法傅里叶分析,结合有限群支撑不确定性不等式与Shen-Xia-Li定理的极小模归约,对所有与6互素的n证明了零和理论中的长度四指标猜想。
AI 中文摘要
设$C_n$为阶数是$n$的循环群。零和理论中的指标猜想断言:若$(n,6)=1$,则$C_n$上每个长度为4的极小零和序列的指标为1。Ge证明了该猜想对所有足够大的$n$成立,Pendleton则将已知的明确阈值降低到$4.6\cdot 10^{13}$。我们给出了一个基于$(\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z})^\times$上乘法傅里叶分析的不同论证。从精确的二指标剩余恒等式出发,我们对其进行乘法傅里叶变换,并通过狄利克雷特征的一阶矩来表示奇数阶傅里叶系数。使得该矩消失的非本原特征构成一个例外谱,其基数至多为$157\varphi(n)/1440$,因此严格小于$\varphi(n)/9$。随后,有限群支撑不确定性不等式迫使四项多重集在取逆下不变,这与极小性相矛盾。我们还利用Shen-Xia-Li定理给出了极小模归约,将一般猜想归约为单位情形。这一结果对所有与6互素的$n$证明了长度四指标猜想。
英文摘要
Let $C_n$ be a cyclic group of order $n$. We prove that if $(n,6)=1$, then every minimal zero-sum sequence of length four over $C_n$ has index one, thereby resolving the length-four index conjecture. After the gcd reduction, the nonunit case follows from the theorem of Shen-Xia-Li, and the remaining unit case is solved by a new multiplicative Fourier argument. The index-two residue identity yields a character-moment relation, and the odd characters with vanishing first moment form an exceptional spectrum of size at most $157φ(n)/1440<φ(n)/9$. A finite-group uncertainty principle then forces the four-term multiset to be invariant under negation, contradicting minimality. Apart from standard facts about primitive Dirichlet $L$-functions, the remaining argument is finite and requires neither asymptotic estimates nor computational verification.