第四轮观测运行第二和第三阶段的LIGO探测器特性表征
LIGO Detector Characterization in the Second and Third Parts of the Fourth Observing Run
AI总结：
该研究阐述了LIGO第四轮观测第二、三阶段的探测器特性表征工作，包括配置变化、噪声抑制及数据质量验证，为引力波搜索提供支撑，对提升探测器性能意义重大。
AI中文摘要：
LIGO探测器特性表征工作使得在第四轮观测运行期间能够可靠探测到来自数百个致密并合双星的引力波。高质量探测器数据的可靠产出以及快速噪声抑制工作，让我们能够获取关于引力波源及其前身天体最深入的认知。本文描述了第四轮观测运行第二和第三阶段（O4-O4b和O4c）期间的LIGO探测器特性表征活动，总结了从O4a阶段结束到O4c阶段结束期间，LIGO汉福德天文台和LIGO利文斯顿天文台的探测器配置与性能变化，包括O4b前调试间隙的升级以及O4c期间的维修工作。我们描述了在两个台站开展的仪器研究，旨在理解并随后抑制瞬态 glitch、窄带谱线和振动驱动噪声等数据质量问题对探测器灵敏度的影响。随后，我们回顾了用于验证引力波候选体的工具和流程，以及由此提供给致密并合双星、未建模瞬态、连续引力波和随机引力波背景搜索的数据质量产品。探测器特性表征团队的工作对于维持和提升LIGO探测器的灵敏度与可靠性至关重要，尤其是在观测运行延长且探测到更多事件的情况下。最后，我们总结了LIGO探测器特性表征工作在未来观测运行中的前景。
英文摘要：
LIGO detector characterization efforts enabled the confident detection of gravitational waves from hundreds of compact binary coalescences during the fourth observing run. Reliable production of high quality detector data and rapid noise mitigation efforts allow the extraction of the most in-depth knowledge of gravitational wave sources and their progenitors. In this paper we describe LIGO detector characterization activities during the second and third parts of O4-O4b and O4c. We summarize changes in detector configuration and performance at the LIGO Hanford and LIGO Livingston Observatories between the end of the first part of O4a and the end of O4c, including upgrades made during the commissioning break preceding O4b and during repairs performed in O4c. We describe instrumental investigations carried out at both sites designed to understand and subsequently mitigate the effect on detector sensitivity of transient glitches, narrowband spectral lines, and vibration-driven noise, among other data quality concerns. We then review the tools and procedures used to validate gravitational wave candidates and the data quality products thus supplied to searches for gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences and unmodeled transients, continuous gravitational waves, and the stochastic gravitational wave background. The efforts of the detector characterization group are essential for maintaining and improving the sensitivity and reliability of the LIGO detectors especially as observing runs lengthen and more events are detected. We conclude with prospects for LIGO detector characterization activities in future observing runs.
