AI 中文总结
本文提出利用子晶格失衡二分单元的对称性保护零模式实现任意静态O(N)格点规范构型的通用方案，并在声学晶体中通过三类拓扑绝缘体实验验证，为人工系统规范场物理提供可及途径。
AI 中文摘要
规范场是现代物理学的基础，但在人工系统中实现预设的规范构型往往十分困难。本文提出一种通用方案，利用子晶格失衡二分单元的对称性保护零模式，实现任意静态O(N)格点规范构型。每个键上的目标O(N)链接编码于正微观耦合的连接性与强度中。通过将零模式流形与其余模式解耦，目标规范哈密顿量构成微观紧束缚模型的精确谱块，而非微扰近似。我们在声学晶体中通过Z₂四极拓扑绝缘体、SO(2)霍夫施塔特模型和SO(3)非阿贝尔拓扑绝缘体实验验证该框架。研究结果为人工系统中的规范场物理提供了通用且可及的途径。
英文摘要
Gauge fields are fundamental to modern physics, but prescribed gauge configurations are often difficult to implement in artificial systems. Here, we present a general scheme for realizing arbitrary static $\mathrm{O}(N)$ lattice gauge configurations using symmetry-protected zero modes of sublattice-imbalanced bipartite units. The target $\mathrm{O}(N)$ link on each bond is encoded in the connectivity and strengths of positive microscopic couplings. By decoupling the zero-mode manifold from the remaining modes, the target gauge Hamiltonian forms an exact spectral block of the microscopic tight-binding model rather than a perturbative approximation. We experimentally demonstrate this framework in acoustic crystals through a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ quadrupole topological insulator, an $\mathrm{SO}(2)$ Hofstadter model, and an $\mathrm{SO}(3)$ non-Abelian topological insulator. Our results provide a general and accessible route to gauge-field physics in artificial systems.
