类活塞式聚合物随机热机
A piston-like polymer stochastic heat engine
AI总结：
本研究提出更贴近活塞-气缸热机运行方式的聚合物随机发动机，其功可从力-位置图循环轨迹获取，数值结果符合低耗散边界等特性。
AI中文摘要：
胶体随机发动机常被视为宏观活塞-气缸热机的微观类似物，但尽管二者共享一些基础物理原理，这类系统从实用角度看仍远非直接的力发生器。受此局限的驱动，本研究提出一种基于聚合物的随机发动机，其更贴近活塞-气缸发动机的运行方式。在该装置中，热量通过循环过程转化为功，该过程中聚合物在不同温度下被拉入和拉出狭窄通道。发动机做的功可直接从力-位置图中的循环轨迹获得，类似于传统热机的压力-体积图。尽管与胶体发动机相比，聚合物发动机的自由度高得多，但它仍遵循这类系统的若干特征。数值结果表明，其效率与通用低耗散边界一致，在再生下恢复卡诺效率，且功和功率呈现低耗散标度特性。
英文摘要：
Colloidal stochastic engines are often regarded as microscopic analogues of macroscopic pis ton cylinder heat engines. However, although they share some underlying physical principles, such systems remain far from being direct force generators from a practical perspective. Motivated by this limitation, the present study introduces a polymer-based stochastic engine that more closely mimics the operation of piston cylinder engines. In this setup, heat is converted into work through a cyclic process in which a polymer is pulled into and out of a narrow channel under varying tem peratures. The work performed by the engine can be directly obtained from the cyclic trajectory in the force position diagram, analogous to the pressure volume diagram in traditional heat engines. Despite its much higher number of degrees of freedom compared to colloidal engines, the polymer en gine nevertheless follows several characteristic features observed in such systems. Numerical results demonstrate consistency with universal low-dissipation bounds for e ciency, recovery of Carnot e ciency under regeneration, and low-dissipation scaling of work and power.
