胶子核子能量关联子与色玻璃凝聚的碎裂函数
Gluonic nucleon energy correlators and fracture functions for Color Glass Condensate
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究基于色玻璃凝聚有效理论在程函精度下探究胶子型核子能量关联子与碎裂函数，发现非极化靶中仅非极化和线极化胶子分量非零，且线极化胶子关联子会产生特征方位角不对称性，对饱和标度敏感且有核抑制效应，为胶子饱和研究提供新窗口。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
核子能量关联子（NECs）和碎裂函数为通过深度非弹性散射（DIS）靶碎裂区（TFR）的测量探测小x下的核子与核结构提供了全新工具。我们在程函精度下利用Color Glass Condensate（色玻璃凝聚）有效理论，对胶子型NECs和碎裂函数展开研究。我们发现，在该阶近似下，非极化靶中仅非极化和线极化胶子分量非零，且二者均由伴随偶极S矩阵决定。此外，我们证明线极化胶子NEC $h_{1}^{t,g}$ 会在TFR的DIS能量分布中产生特征性的$\boldsymbol{\rm cos\thinspace 2\boldsymbol{\rm \u03d5}}$方位角不对称性。与当前碎裂区的类似可观测量不同，该不对称性由线极化胶子NEC $h_{1}^{t,g}$ 与非极化夸克NEC $f_{1}^{q}$ 的比值主导，因此对饱和标度尤为敏感。我们的数值分析表明，该不对称性表现出显著的核抑制效应，为未来电子-离子对撞机上胶子饱和的起始研究提供了新窗口。
英文摘要
Nucleon energy correlators (NECs) and fracture functions provide novel tools for probing nucleon and nuclear structure at small $x$ through measurements in the target fragmentation region (TFR) of deep inelastic scattering (DIS). We investigate gluonic NECs and fracture functions using the Color Glass Condensate effective theory at eikonal accuracy. We find that only the unpolarized and linearly polarized gluon components in an unpolarized target are nonvanishing at this order, and that both are determined by the adjoint dipole $S$-matrix. Furthermore, we show that the linearly polarized gluonic NEC $h_{1}^{t,g}$ generates a characteristic $\cos 2ϕ$ azimuthal asymmetry in the DIS energy pattern in the TFR. Unlike analogous observables in the current fragmentation region, this asymmetry is governed by the ratio of the linearly polarized gluon NEC $h_{1}^{t,g}$ to the unpolarized quark NEC $f_{1}^{q}$, making it particularly sensitive to the saturation scale. Our numerical analysis shows that this asymmetry exhibits substantial nuclear suppression, providing a novel window into the onset of gluon saturation at the future Electron-Ion Collider.
