自由空间中两电子HBT干涉的量子特征
Quantum Signatures of Two-Electron HBT Interference in Free Space
中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究在全量子力学框架下探究两电子HBT干涉，预测了库仑相互作用带来的独特特征，明确了区分库仑作用与费米子交换对称性的定量参数范围。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
理解费米子交换与库仑排斥如何共同塑造两电子关联，对于在多电子干涉实验中识别真正的量子特征至关重要。为探究这种相互作用，我们在全量子力学框架下，研究由两个独立针尖发射器产生的两电子的Hanbury Brown and Twiss（HBT）干涉。在无库仑相互作用时，该方法重现了此前量子路径形式论得到的结果。对于受库仑相互作用的电子，我们预测出半经典描述中不存在的特征：明显的库仑主导抑制区域，以及库仑诱导的相位偏移和条纹移动。同时，在库仑主导区域之外，空间振荡频率本质上由费米子交换对称性决定。我们的结果为这类实验中区分库仑相互作用与费米子交换对称性建立了定量参数范围。
英文摘要
Understanding how fermionic exchange and Coulomb repulsion jointly shape two-electron correlations is essential for identifying genuine quantum signatures in multi-electron interference experiments. To address this interplay, we investigate Hanbury Brown and Twiss interference of two electrons generated by two independent needle-tip emitters within a full quantum-mechanical framework. In the absence of Coulomb interaction, the approach reproduces the results previously obtained within a quantum path formalism. For Coulomb-interacting electrons, we predict characteristic features absent in a semiclassical description: a pronounced Coulomb-dominated suppression region as well as Coulomb-induced phase offsets and fringe shifts. At the same time, outside of the Coulomb-dominated region, the spatial oscillation frequency is essentially governed by fermionic exchange symmetry. Our results establish quantitative parameter regimes for disentangling Coulomb interaction from fermionic exchange symmetry in such experiments.
