高阶相互作用对集体运动的影响
Impact of Higher-Order Interactions on Collective Motion
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究提出含高阶对齐相互作用的广义Vicsek模型，发现其会引发不连续相变，需更高粒子密度维持集体有序，为理解活性物质相变及生物、合成系统集体行为提供了新参数。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
自驱动粒子系统中的集体运动已通过依赖成对对齐相互作用的Vicsek模型得到广泛研究。我们引入了一种包含高阶（三元组）对齐相互作用的广义Vicsek模型。通过基于智能体的模拟和平均场理论，我们证明纯三元组对齐会引发不连续的相变，这一现象可由滞后效应、双阱自由能景观以及随系统尺寸加深的Binder累积量最小值证实；而在相同系统尺寸下，标准成对模型呈现连续相变。我们进一步表明，高阶相互作用需要更高的粒子密度来维持集体有序，并在相变附近产生更尖锐的涨落峰值，且临界噪声更低。这些结果表明，对齐相互作用的微观结构——无论是成对还是多体形式——是活性物质相变阶数的独立控制参数，对理解生物和合成系统中的集体行为具有重要意义。
英文摘要
Collective motion in self-propelled particle systems has been widely studied using the Vicsek model, which relies on pairwise alignment interactions. We introduce a generalized Vicsek model that incorporates higher-order (triadic) alignment interactions. Using agent-based simulations and mean-field theory, we demonstrate that pure triadic alignment induces a discontinuous phase transition, evidenced by hysteresis, a double-well free-energy landscape, and a Binder cumulant minimum that deepens with system size, whereas the standard pairwise model exhibits a continuous transition at the same system sizes. We further show that higher-order interactions require higher particle densities to sustain collective order and produce sharper fluctuation peaks near the transition with lower critical noise. These results establish that the microscopic structure of the alignment interaction, whether pairwise or many-body, is an independent control parameter for the order of the phase transition in active matter, with implications for understanding collective behavior in biological and synthetic systems.
