LHC能量下旋转强子共振气体中涡旋与涨落的探测
Probing vorticity and fluctuations in a rotating hadron resonance gas at LHC energy
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究在强子共振气体模型框架下，探究LHC能量下重离子碰撞产生的旋转对强子产额及守恒量涨落的影响，发现特定强子比可作为介质涡旋的敏感探针，并估算了不同中心度下的冻出涡旋值。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
非中心超相对论重离子碰撞中产生的大涡旋会在部分子物质与强子物质中诱导出有效化学势，进而影响夸克-强子相变及其相关性质。本研究在强子共振气体（HRG）模型框架下，探究了旋转对强子产额的影响。结果表明，涡旋会显著改变强子产额及其比值。尤为值得注意的是，旋转会提升$p/π^+$比值，同时抑制$K^+/π^+$比值，这表明这些可观测量可作为重离子碰撞中产生的介质旋转性质的敏感探针。为量化旋转效应，我们将计算得到的$p/π^+$比值随涡旋的变化关系，与ALICE合作组在$\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV的铅核-铅核碰撞中测得的$p/π$比值的中心度依赖关系进行了对比。通过该对比，我们估算了不同碰撞中心度下冻出阶段产生的最大涡旋值。结果发现，在边缘碰撞中，冻出涡旋（$ω$）的上限约为0.088 GeV，而在中心碰撞中该值约为0.028 GeV。此外，我们还探究了旋转对守恒量涨落及其关联的影响。本研究为评估旋转在强子物质热力学中的作用及其对重离子碰撞的唯象学后果提供了一个定量框架。
英文摘要
A large vorticity produced in non-central ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions induces an effective chemical potential in both partonic and hadronic matter, thereby influencing the quark-hadron transition and its associated properties. In this work, we investigate the influence of rotation on hadron yields within the framework of Hadron Resonance Gas (HRG) model. Our results show that vorticity significantly modifies hadron yields and their ratios. Most notably, rotation enhances the $p/π^+$ ratio while suppressing the $K^+/π^+$ ratio, suggesting that these observables may serve as sensitive probes of the rotational properties of the medium created in heavy-ion collisions. To quantify the effect of rotation, the calculated dependence of the $p/π^+$ ratio on vorticity is compared with the centrality dependence of the $p/π$ ratio measured by the ALICE collaboration in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV. From this comparison, we estimate the maximum vorticity produced at freeze-out for different collision centralities. In case of peripheral collisions, the freeze-out vorticity ($ω$) is found to reach an upper bound value of approximately 0.088 GeV, whereas for central collisions it is about 0.028 GeV. Furthermore, we investigate the effect of rotation on fluctuations of conserved quantities and their correlations. This study provides a quantitative framework for assessing the role of rotation in the thermodynamics of hadronic matter and its phenomenological consequences for heavy-ion collisions.
