精密前沿下重夸克质量与强子真空极化可观测量的校准关联
Calibrated correlation between heavy-quark masses and Hadronic Vacuum Polarization observables at the precision frontier
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究针对缪子反常磁矩HVP色散与格点QCD结果的张力，建立重夸克质量与HVP贡献的自洽框架，得到粲、底夸克贡献的HVP项数值，粲 sector与格点结果吻合，还给出高精度重夸克质量值。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
缪子反常磁矩$a_\mu$的理论预测高度依赖强子真空极化（HVP），其色散关系与格点QCD确定值之间的张力尚未得到解决。我们表明，这一谜题的部分内容可在重夸克领域得到解决，该领域的两种描述在理论上是干净的，通过认识到重夸克质量及其对$a_\mu$的贡献并非独立量：两者均来自同一强子谱函数的积分，仅积分核不同。在用于确定重夸克质量的相对论QCD求和规则中，将该核提升为自由选择，我们打破了单一有效求和规则的传统观念，转而从共同的自洽框架中同时确定质量及其HVP贡献。这种内在构造利用了两个量之间的反相关性来缩小最终不确定度，并将该可观测量的微扰与强子描述之间的残余分歧转化为针对残余理论/模型依赖的直接可观测量特异性诊断，包括对偶性违反和连续谱建模效应，而这些是单独确定质量时无法获得的。我们得到粲夸克和底夸克贡献的领头阶$a_\mu^{\rm HVP_{c+b},LO}=(14.46(13)+0.3009(17))\times10^{-10}$，次领头阶$a_\mu^{\rm HVP_{c+b}, NLO_{a,b}}=(-0.5738(95)-0.01822(13))\times10^{-10}$。我们将次领头阶结果与首个可用的格点确定值进行比较，发现粲夸克领域吻合良好。作为副产品，我们得到$\hat m_c(\hat m_c)=1267.1(6.8)$ MeV和$\hat m_b(\hat m_b)=4182.3(7.2)$ MeV，达到了前所未有的唯象精度。
英文摘要
The theoretical prediction of the muon anomalous magnetic moment $a_μ$ depends crucially on the Hadronic Vacuum Polarization (HVP), and the tension between its dispersive and lattice-QCD determinations remains unresolved. We show that part of this puzzle can be addressed in the heavy-quark sector, where both descriptions are theoretically clean, by recognizing that the heavy-quark mass and its contribution to $a_μ$ are not independent quantities: both follow from integrals of the same hadronic spectral function, differing only in their integration kernel. Promoting this kernel to a free choice within the relativistic QCD Sum Rules used to determine heavy-quark masses, we break with the conventional notion of a single valid sum rule and instead determine the mass and its HVP contribution simultaneously, from a common, self-consistent framework. This intrinsic construction exploits the anticorrelation between the two quantities to sharpen the final uncertainty, and turns the residual disagreement between the perturbative and hadronic descriptions of the observable into a direct observable-specific diagnostic of residual theory/model dependence, including duality-violation and continuum-modeling effects, unavailable to a determination of the mass alone. We obtain $a_μ^{\rm HVP_{c+b},LO} =(14.46(13)+0.3009(17))\times 10^{-10}$ at leading and $a_μ^{\rm HVP_{c+b}, NLO_{a,b}} = ( -0.5738(95) - 0.01822(13) )\times 10^{-10}$ at next-to-leading order, for charm and bottom contributions, respectively. We compare our next-to-leading-order results with its first available lattice determination, finding good agreement in the charm sector. As a byproduct, we obtain $\hat m_c(\hat m_c)=1267.1(6.8)$ MeV and $\hat m_b(\hat m_b) = 4182.3(7.2)$ MeV, with unprecedented phenomenological precision.
