迹反常引力中带电AdS黑洞的热力学超临界性与复杂相图
Thermodynamic Supercriticality and Complex Phase Diagram for Charged AdS Black Holes in Trace Anomaly Gravity
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究将李-杨相变框架扩展至迹反常引力中的带电AdS黑洞，推导其复相图，发现Widom线的两种定义一致，揭示超临界区Widom线处平滑交叉行为，为量子修正黑洞热力学提供新见解。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们将李-杨（Lee-Yang）相变框架扩展至四维迹反常引力中的带电反德西特（anti-de Sitter, AdS）黑洞。通过将视界半径视为复变量，我们推导得到了完整的复相图，该相图揭示了这种修正引力框架下的新颖超临界现象。相较于标准的雷斯纳-诺德斯特龙-反德西特（Reissner-Nordström-AdS）黑洞，迹反常会移动临界点的位置：对于一组代表性的反常参数，临界压强和临界温度均被抑制。我们严格确定了Widom线，其为复李-杨零点在实物理相平面上的投影，该轨迹在整个超临界区域内划分了类小黑洞相与类大黑洞相。我们还通过热力学响应函数方法独立得到了同一条Widom线，证明两种定义在近临界区域内具有极佳的定量一致性，并共享相同的普适标度行为。此外，我们的分析表明，热力学响应函数探测下穿过Widom线的是平滑连续的交叉行为，这与临界点以下发生的不连续一阶相变存在本质区别。这些结果为量子修正黑洞的热力学提供了新的、具体的物理见解。
英文摘要
We extend the Lee-Yang phase transition framework to charged anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes in four-dimensional trace anomaly gravity. By treating the horizon radius as a complex variable, we derive a fully resolved complex phase diagram that uncovers novel supercritical phenomena within this modified gravity setting. Relative to the standard Reissner-Nordström-AdS black hole, the trace anomaly shifts the location of the critical point: for a representative set of anomaly parameters, both the critical pressure and critical temperature are suppressed. The Widom line is rigorously identified as the projection of the complex Lee-Yang zeros onto the real physical phase plane, a trajectory that demarcates the small-black-hole-like and large-black-hole-like phases throughout the supercritical regime. We also independently recover this same Widom line via the thermodynamic response function method, demonstrating that the two definitions are in excellent quantitative agreement in the near-critical region and share identical universal scaling behavior. Furthermore, our analysis reveals a smooth, continuous crossover across the Widom line as probed by thermodynamic response functions--a behavior fundamentally distinct from the discontinuous first-order phase transitions that occur below the critical point. These results offer new, physically concrete insights into the thermodynamics of quantum-corrected black holes.
