元宇宙中虚拟现实与增强现实的设计因素对大学生用户体验的影响
The impact of design factors of virtual and augmented reality on tertiary students user experience in Metaverse
AI总结：
本研究通过对321名大学生的调查与多元回归分析，发现元宇宙中环境设计与视觉元素是影响用户体验的主要因素，沟通功能无显著影响，建议优先重视环境设计以推进元宇宙应用。
AI中文摘要：
元宇宙是整合虚拟现实（VR）与增强现实（AR）技术的融合空间，市场预测规模将从2022年的655亿美元增长至2030年的1.3万亿美元。尽管其在教育领域应用迅速，但视觉元素、环境设计及沟通功能对用户体验（UX）的具体影响仍未得到充分探索，这限制了基于证据的设计与资源分配。本研究探究元宇宙平台VR与AR环境中的这些设计因素如何影响UX。采用相关性研究设计，从四所高等教育机构的工程与计算机科学系中选取321名熟悉元宇宙平台的大学生作为样本收集数据。使用包含经验证的5点李克特量表的结构化问卷，测量UX、视觉元素（视场、分辨率、颜色、复杂度、风格）、环境设计（交互性、连贯性、自然度、复杂度）及沟通功能（文本/音频/视频工具、化身交互、空间音频）。通过多元回归分析评估这些因素对UX的独立及联合影响。结果显示，环境设计（b=0.424，p<0.001）与视觉元素（b=0.298，p<0.001）是UX的主要预测因子，共同解释了UX方差的47.3%，且二者存在强相关性（r=0.792）。沟通功能对UX无显著影响（b=0.053，p=0.196），这挑战了虚拟连通性的相关假设，表明沟通设计应更好地支持社交互动。这些发现凸显了精心设计的交互式虚拟空间的重要性，建议开发者与教育机构优先重视环境设计，以推进沉浸式学习及元宇宙的更广泛应用。
英文摘要：
The Metaverse is a convergent space integrating virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies, with market projections rising from \$65.5 billion in 2022 to \$1.3 trillion by 2030. Despite rapid adoption in education, the specific contributions of visual elements, environmental design, and communication features to user experience (UX) remain underexplored, limiting evidence-based design and resource allocation. This study examined how these design factors in VR and AR environments influence UX in Metaverse platforms. Using a correlational research design, data were collected from 321 purposively sampled tertiary students from engineering and computer science departments across four higher education institutions, all familiar with Metaverse platforms. A structured questionnaire with validated 5-point Likert scales measured UX; visual elements (field of view, resolution, color, complexity, and style); environmental design (interactivity, cohesiveness, naturalness, and complexity); and communication features (text/audio/video tools, avatar interaction, and spatial audio). Multiple regression analysis assessed the independent and combined effects of these factors on UX. Results show that environmental design (b=0.424, p<0.001) and visual elements (b=0.298, p<0.001) are the primary predictors of UX, jointly explaining 47.3% of its variance, with a strong correlation between them (r=0.792). Communication features did not significantly influence UX (b=0.053, p=0.196), challenging assumptions about virtual connectedness and indicating that communication design should better support social interaction. These findings highlight the importance of well-designed, interactive virtual spaces and suggest that developers and educational institutions prioritize environmental design to advance immersive learning and broader Metaverse applications.
