AI 中文总结
本研究提出一种基于塔尔博特效应的量子相干显微镜，可实现非对角关联的近单格点分辨率测量，用于探测三维光晶格中的超流体-莫特相变，为获取密度基外的可观测量提供新途径。
AI 中文摘要
量子相干是集体量子现象与新兴量子技术的基础。量子气体显微镜凭借单原子分辨率提供多体系统的投影快照，革新了量子模拟，但非对角关联的空间分辨测量仍难以实现。本研究利用塔尔博特效应，提出一种量子相干显微镜，可将非对角关联映射至具有近单格点分辨率的格点分辨密度信号。我们采用该技术局部探测三维光晶格层中的超流体-莫特相变，并测量工程化势场中超出近邻的相干性。通过受控塔尔博特演化将非对角关联映射至密度信号，本研究为通过定制物质波演化与重捕获获取密度基之外的可观测量开辟了新可能。
英文摘要
Quantum coherence underlies collective quantum phenomena and emerging quantum technologies. Quantum gas microscopes have transformed quantum simulation by providing projective snapshots of many-body states with single-atom resolution, but spatially resolved measurements of off-diagonal correlations have remained elusive. Here, using the Talbot effect, we introduce a quantum coherence microscope that maps off-diagonal correlations onto site-resolved density signals with near-single-site resolution. We use this technique to locally probe the superfluid-Mott transition in a layer of a three-dimensional optical lattice and to measure coherence beyond nearest neighbors in an engineered potential landscape. By mapping off-diagonal correlations onto density signals through controlled Talbot evolution, this work opens new possibilities for accessing observables beyond the density basis through tailored matter-wave evolution and recapture.
