AI 中文总结
该研究为NASA ASTRA计划白皮书，提出发射天基天文台以观测超高能宇宙射线、甚高能中微子等极端能量信使，解决其本质未知的问题，为相关研究提供新平台。
AI 中文摘要
超高能宇宙射线（$E_{\rm CR} \u2273 1$ EeV）是已知能量最高的粒子，标志着宇宙中正在发生极端粒子过程。然而，即便经过一个多世纪的研究，其本质的诸多方面仍基本未知。与宇宙射线相关的甚高能（$E_\nu \u2273 1$ PeV）中微子，既产生于加速过程也出现于传播阶段，这类中微子将为理解这些极端粒子提供新的视角，正如TeV中微子天文学兴起后在较低能量领域取得的进展一样。不过，迄今为止仅观测到少量此类中微子。一台专门用于研究宇宙射线、中微子和光子的天基天文台，将为观测这些极端能量信使提供前所未有的平台。
英文摘要
Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays ($E_{\rm CR} \gtrsim 1$ EeV) are the highest-energy particles known, signaling extreme particle processes at work in the universe. However, many aspects of their nature remain largely unknown, even after more than a century of study. Very-high-energy ($E_ν\gtrsim 1$ PeV neutrinos associated with cosmic-ray interactions, both during the acceleration process and propagation, would provide new insight into these extreme particles, as we have seen at lower energies with the dawn of TeV neutrino astronomy. Nevertheless, only a handful of such neutrinos have been observed thus far. A space-based observatory dedicated to studying cosmic rays, neutrinos, and photons would provide an unprecedented platform for observations of these extreme-energy messengers.
CommentsScience Community (Physics of the Cosmos Program Analysis Group: PhysPAG; Cosmic Ray and Neutrino Science Interest Group: CRN SIG) NASA ASTRA Initiative White Paper submitted to the Community Science (Ad ASTRA) Workshop
