全集成色散管理飞秒锁模激光器
A fully integrated dispersion-managed femtosecond mode-locked laser
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- Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL)（洛桑联邦理工学院物理研究所）
- Institute of Electrical and Micro Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL)（洛桑联邦理工学院电气与微工程学院）
- EDWATEC SA（EDWATEC公司）
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR)（德累斯顿-罗森多夫亥姆霍兹中心）
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究开发了一种基于色散管理架构的自启动光子集成锁模激光器，可实现0.5至1.2 GHz低重复频率的稳定锁模脉冲，为现场部署的光计量和精密传感提供了紧凑低功耗的兼容晶圆代工平台。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
飞秒激光器支撑着从材料加工到角膜手术等各类应用，其规则脉冲序列构成的光频梳彻底变革了计时、光谱学和计量学领域。片上光频梳（如克尔微梳）已在光通信和微波光子学中实现了高重复频率应用。然而，工作在低重复频率（100 MHz至1 GHz）的集成芯片级光源仍难以实现，这类光源对高峰值强度应用至关重要，而现有器件通常工作在远高于10 GHz的频段。在此，我们展示了一种基于色散管理架构的自启动光子集成锁模激光器，可实现该频段的性能。该激光器结合掺铒氮化硅增益波导、集成啁啾布拉格光栅和半导体可饱和吸收镜，生成重复频率为0.5至1.2 GHz、脉冲宽度短至300 fs、锁模阈值低至27.3 mW的光脉冲。其输出形成被动稳定的光频梳，梳线漂移低于重复频率的1%，稳定性比商用光纤激光器高出两个数量级。利用这一超低阈值，我们通过将该激光器与电信级980 nm III-V泵浦二极管芯片共同封装在紧凑光子模块内，实现了完整的混合集成。最终得到的电输入/光输出模块可提供即插即用的稳定锁模脉冲，为现场部署的光计量和精密传感提供了紧凑、低功耗且抗振动、兼容晶圆代工的平台。
英文摘要
Femtosecond lasers underpin applications ranging from material processing to corneal surgery, while their regular pulse trains form optical frequency combs that have revolutionized timekeeping, spectroscopy, and metrology. On-chip optical frequency combs, such as Kerr microcombs, have enabled high-repetition-rate applications in optical communications and microwave photonics. However, integrated chip-scale sources operating at low repetition rates (100 MHz to 1 GHz), crucial for high peak intensities, remain elusive, as existing devices typically operate well beyond 10 GHz. Here, we demonstrate a self-starting, photonic integrated mode-locked laser based on a dispersion-managed architecture that accesses this regime. The laser combines erbium-implanted silicon nitride gain waveguides, integrated chirped Bragg gratings, and a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror to generate optical pulses with repetition rates from 0.5 to 1.2 GHz, pulse durations as short as 300 fs, and mode-locking thresholds down to 27.3 mW. The output forms a passively stable optical frequency comb with a comb-line drift below 1% of the repetition rate, surpassing the stability of commercial fiber lasers by two orders of magnitude. Leveraging this ultra-low threshold, we achieve complete hybrid integration by co-packaging the laser with a telecom-grade 980-nm III-V pump diode chip inside a compact photonic module. The resulting electrical-in/optical-out module delivers turnkey, stable mode-locked pulses, providing a compact, low-power, and vibration-insensitive foundry-compatible platform for field-deployable optical metrology and precision sensing.
