AI 中文总结
本研究探讨高电荷态钍-229单离子核钟的实现，提出类氢钍-229^89+与全电离钍-229^90+两类方案，利用量子逻辑光谱学评估可行性，可用于检验基本相互作用。
AI 中文摘要
本文讨论了电荷态为q=90、…、87的高电荷态钍-229离子（²²⁹Th^q+）构成的单离子核钟的应用前景与实现方案。高电离态钍钟是检验基本相互作用的理想工具，因为这类离子是仅由少量组分构成的基本量子系统。其中两类²²⁹Th^q+钟表现尤为突出：a）类氢²²⁹Th^89+，它结合了真空紫外（VUV）波段的两次核钟跃迁与超精细红外（IR）原子钟跃迁；b）全电离²²⁹Th^90+，它是无任何电子的核钟原型。我们通过线性保罗阱中的量子逻辑光谱学（QLS）评估这类钟的可行性。由于QLS方法具有通用性，可在同一实验平台上利用不同电荷态及不同光谱跃迁开展系统的钟对比研究。核超精细混合过程是单离子²²⁹Th^q+钟的重要优势，它可通过改变电荷态将钟跃迁的自然线宽调谐超过五个数量级。
英文摘要
The prospects and the implementation of single-ion nuclear clocks of $^{229}$Th$^{q+}$ ions in their highest charge states $q=90, \ldots, 87$ are discussed. Highly-ionized-thorium clocks are ideal for tests of fundamental interactions since the ions are elementary quantum systems composed of only a few building blocks. Two cases of $^{229}$Th$^{q+}$ clocks excel: a) one-electron $^{229}$Th$^{89+}$ that combines two nuclear-clock transitions in the VUV with hyperfine IR atomic-clock transitions, and, b) fully ionized $^{229}$Th$^{90+}$ which constitutes the prototype of a nuclear clock, one without any electrons. We evaluate the feasibility of such clocks by means of quantum logic spectroscopy (QLS) in linear Paul traps. Due to its universal nature, the QLS approach allows for systematic clock comparisons using different charge states as well as different spectroscopy transitions on the same experimental platform. A valuable asset towards single-ion $^{229}$Th$^{q+}$ clocks is the process of nuclear hyperfine mixing that enables the tunability of the natural linewidth of the clock transition over more than five orders of magnitude by changing the charge state.
