AI 中文总结
该研究提出关联噪声校正协议，可在量子探针存储阶段保护其量子费舍尔信息，为传感驱动的量子信息处理提供实用构建模块。
AI 中文摘要
量子纠错已成为在噪声量子计量中恢复海森堡极限精度的不可或缺工具。然而，现有协议几乎仅关注校正信号编码阶段的噪声，且隐含假设探针在感知后立即被测量。在许多量子信息处理任务中，编码后的探针必须在后续量子操作前进行存储，此期间环境噪声会显著降低积累的计量信息。本文提出一种用于在存储阶段保护量子探针的关联噪声校正（CNC）协议：通过固定两体纠缠门将探针误差与辅助量子比特关联，将存储误差转化为可测量的校正子，仅在存储完成后提取一次。研究表明，该协议可自然扩展至多量子比特探针，能保护存储的量子费舍尔信息免受退相位、比特翻转和振幅衰减噪声的影响。此外，我们证明当探针在存储后立即测量时，保留量子费舍尔信息不一定需要恢复整个量子态；而对于后续多轮量子信号处理，完全态恢复则至关重要。本研究确立关联噪声校正为在量子存储器期间保护计量信息的实用框架，并为传感驱动的量子信息处理提供有用的构建模块。
英文摘要
Quantum error correction has become an indispensable tool for restoring Heisenberg-limited precision in noisy quantum metrology. Existing protocols, however, almost exclusively focus on correcting noise during the signal-encoding stage and implicitly assume that the probe is measured immediately after sensing. In many quantum information processing tasks, the encoded probe must instead be stored before subsequent quantum operations, during which environmental noise can significantly degrade the accumulated metrological information. Here, we propose a correlated-noise correction (CNC) protocol for protecting quantum probes during the storage stage. By correlating probe errors with auxiliary qubits through fixed two-body entangling gates, memory errors are converted into measurable syndromes that are extracted only once after storage. We show that the protocol naturally extends from single-qubit to multi-qubit probes and protects the stored quantum Fisher information against dephasing, bit-flip, and amplitude-damping noise. Furthermore, we demonstrate that preserving the quantum Fisher information does not necessarily require restoring the entire quantum state when the probe is measured immediately after storage, whereas full state recovery becomes essential for subsequent rounds of quantum signal processing. Our results establish correlated-noise correction as a practical framework for protecting metrological information during quantum memory and provide a useful building block for sensing-enabled quantum information processing.
