发表机构
Xiangnan University; Microelectronics and Optoelectronics Technology Key Laboratory of Hunan Higher Education, Xiangnan University; Dongguan University of Technology; College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University; Physics Department and Solid-State Institute, Technion; Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá; Foshan University（湘南学院; 湖南高校微电子与光电技术重点实验室，湘南学院; 东莞理工学院; 南京大学工程与应用科学学院，固体微结构物理国家重点实验室; 以色列理工学院物理系和固体研究所; 塔拉帕卡大学高等研究院; 佛山大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究提出机制，在自旋轨道耦合原子-分子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中，通过二次三波相互作用的平均场方程，实现存在至α临界值的稳定三维孤子，涡旋组分范数占比超50%，可在自由空间利用二次非线性生成稳定涡旋孤子。
AI 中文摘要
我们提出了一种在自旋轨道耦合（SOC）原子-分子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中产生稳定三维（3D）孤子的机制，该机制由具有二次三波相互作用的平均场方程建模，其特征为失配量α。平面（有效二维）SOC应用于孤子的原子组分，将其构建为混合模（MM）或半涡旋（SV）。SV孤子的分子组分为3D涡旋，而MM孤子的分子组分同样为MM。这些孤子存在至α的临界值。该系统中涡旋组分的范数占比相对较大，超过总范数的50%，这是SOC支撑孤子的一个关键特征。此方案可在自由空间中利用二次非线性实现稳定涡旋孤子。
英文摘要
We elaborate a mechanism for the creation of stable three-dimensional (3D) solitons in spin-orbit-coupled (SOC) atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensate, modeled by the mean-field equations with the quadratic three-wave interaction, characterized by mismatch $α$. The planar (effectively two-dimensional) SOC is applied to the soliton's atomic component, structuring it as a mixed mode (MM) or semi-vortex (SV). The molecular component of the SV soliton is shaped as a 3D vortex, while the molecular component in the MM soliton is an MM too. The solitons exist up to a critical value of $α$. The system demonstrates a relatively large norm share of the vortex components, exceeding $50\%$ of the total norm, which is an essential feature of SOC-supported solitons. This is scheme for realizing stable vortex solitons in free space with the quadratic nonlinearity.
CommentsPublished in Phys. Rev. Research 8, 033278 (2026)
Journal refPhys. Rev. Research 8, 033278 (2026)
